Claxton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Adelaide Claxton (fl. 1860–1890s), British artist, illustrator, and inventor Brooke Claxton (1898–1960), Canadian veteran of World War I Charles Robert Claxton (1903–1992), English Bishop Florence Claxton (1838–1920), British artist Gavin Claxton (born 1966), British screenwriter, producer and director Janis Claxton (1964–2018), Australian choreographer Jimmy Claxton (1892–1970), Canadian Afro-American baseball pitcher Kate Claxton (1848–1924), American actress Marshall Claxton (1811–1881), English artist Nic Claxton (born 1999), American basketball player Patricia Claxton (born 1929), Canadian translator Philander Claxton (1862–1957), American educator Rozelle Claxton (1913–1995), American jazz pianist Sarah Claxton (born 1979), English athlete Speedy Claxton (born 1978), American basketball player Thomas Claxton (doorkeeper) (died 1821), Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives Thomas Claxton (1790–1813), officer in the United States Navy during the War of 1812 William Claxton (photographer) (1927–2008), American photographer William Gordon Claxton (1899–1967), Canadian World War I ace pilot