This list of fossil arthropods described in 2019 is a list of new taxa of trilobites, fossil insects, crustaceans, arachnids and other fossil arthropods of every kind that were described during the year 2019, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to arthropod paleontology that occurred in the year 2019.
General research A revision of higher-level arthropod taxonomy is published by Aria (2019), who proposes the name Cenocondyla for the least inclusive group containing both Mandibulata and Chelicerata. A study on the molecular composition and microanatomy of the eyes of 54-million-year-old crane flies from the Fur Formation (Denmark), evaluating its implications for the knowledge of optical systems of other ancient arthropods (especially trilobites), is published by Lindgren et al. (2019).
Arachnids
Research Two new specimens of laniatorid harvestmen (an adult specimen assignable to the species Proholoscotolemon nemastomoides and a smaller specimen belonging or related to the genus Proholoscotolemon) are described from the Eocene Baltic amber by Bartel & Dunlop (2019). A review of the phylogenetic hypotheses of scorpion interrelationships, as well as of scorpion palaeontology, is published by Howard et al. (2019), who also provide a list of scorpion fossil calibrations for use in molecular dating. A fossil spider, possibly a juvenile female golden silk orb-weaver, is described from the Lower Eocene Palana Formation of the Gurha opencast lignite mine (western Rajasthan, India) by Patel, Rana & Selden (2019), representing the first fossil spider from India which wasn't found in amber. A review of the fossil record and evolutionary history of spiders, reevaluating the phylogenetic placement of key fossils and aiming to determine whether there has been a major turnover in the spider fauna between the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, is published online by Magalhaes et al. (2019).
New taxa Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes ImagesCaestaraneaGen. et sp. novValidSelden, Huang & GarwoodMiddle–Late JurassicHaifanggou FormationA palpimanoid spider. Genus includes new species C. jurassica.Chaerilobuthus hansgeorgmuelleriSp. novValidLourenço in Lourenço & VeltenCretaceousBurmese amberA scorpion belonging to the family Chaerilobuthidae.Colossopantopodus nanusSp. novValidSabroux et al.Late JurassicSolnhofen LimestoneA sea spider.Cosmobunus saganiSp. novValidPalencia et al.Miocene (Burdigalian)Rubielos de Mora BasinA member of Opiliones, a species of Cosmobunus.Eatoniana crinitaSp. novValidSidorchuk et al.EoceneBaltic amber()A mite belonging to the family Erythraeidae.EomesotheleGen. et sp. novValidWunderlichLate Cretaceous (Cenomanian)Burmese amberA spider belonging to group Mesothelae, assigned to the new family Eomesothelidae. The type species is E. noninclinata.Eumesosoma abdelmawlaiSp. novValidElsaka, Mitov & DunlopEoceneBaltic amberEurope (Baltic Sea region)A harvestman, a species of Eumesosoma.?Eurycyde golemSp. novValidSabroux et al.Late JurassicSolnhofen LimestoneA sea spider belonging to the family Ascorhynchidae.IntermesotheleGen. et sp. novValidWunderlichLate Cretaceous (Cenomanian)Burmese amberA spider belonging to group Mesothelae, possibly belonging to the family Eomesothelidae. The type species is I. pulcher.JinjumegopsGen. et sp. novValidPark, Nam & SeldenEarly Cretaceous (Albian)Jinju FormationA spider belonging to the family Lagonomegopidae. The type species is J. dalingwateri.KoreamegopsGen. et sp. novValidPark, Nam & SeldenEarly Cretaceous (Albian)Jinju FormationA spider belonging to the family Lagonomegopidae. The type species is K. samsiki.LutetianaGen. et sp. novValidSelden & WapplerEocene (Lutetian)Messel pitA spider, possibly a member of the family Cybaeidae. The type species is L. neli.Metagonia esquincacanoiSp. novGarcía-VillafuerteMiocene (Aquitanian)Mexican amberA species of Metagonia.Neoliodes andreneliSp. novValidArillo et al.Early CretaceousLebanese amberA mite belonging to the family Neoliodidae. Subsequently transferred to the separate genus Azarliodes.OnychopalpusGen. et sp. novValidSelden, Huang & GarwoodMiddle–Late JurassicHaifanggou FormationA palpimanoid spider. Genus includes new species O. thomisoides.ParagilaroviaGen. et sp. novValidElsaka, Mitov & DunlopEoceneBaltic amberEurope (Baltic Sea region)A harvestman belonging to the family Nemastomatidae. Genus includes new species P. hochae.Procaeculus coineauiSp. novValidPorta et al.Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)Burmese amberA mite belonging to the family Caeculidae.Protolophus hoffeinsiSp. novValidElsaka, Mitov & DunlopEoceneBaltic amberEurope (Baltic Sea region)A harvestman, a species of Protolophus.Scolotydaeus vlaskiniSp. novValidKlimov et al.Late EoceneRovno amberA mite belonging to the family Paratydeidae.Sinaranea brevicrusSp. novValidSelden, Huang & GarwoodMiddle–Late JurassicHaifanggou FormationA palpimanoid spider.Tanytydeus pogrebnyakiSp. novValidKlimov et al.Late EoceneRovno amberA mite belonging to the family Paratydeidae.
Crustaceans
Research A global dataset of exceptionally preserved muscles and muscle attachment scars in fossil malacostracan specimens is compiled by Klompmaker et al. (2019). A three-dimensionally preserved tanaidacean specimen belonging or related to the species Jurapseudes friedericianus is described from the Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Ornatenton Formation (Germany) by Schädel et al. (2019). A study on the evolutionary history of decapod crustaceans is published by Wolfe et al. (2019). A study on the chemical composition of two specimens of fossilized shrimps from the Cretaceous Romualdo and Ipubi formations (Araripe Basin, Brazil), and on its implications for inferring the course of the processes of fossilization of these crustaceans, is published by Barros et al. (2019). A study on the Middle Jurassic palaeoenvironment of La Voulte (France), as indicated by data from exceptionally preserved eyes of the polychelidan lobster Voulteryon parvulus and from epibiontic brachiopods associated with V. parvulus, is published by Audo et al. (2019). A study on the anatomy of the holotype specimen of a putative Paleocene shark Platyacrodus unicus is published by Bogan, Agnolin & Ezcurra (2019), who reinterpret this specimen as a carapace of a small retroplumid crab belonging to the genus Costacopluma. An achelatan larval fossil with an intermediate type of morphology, interpreted as the oldest occurrence of an achelatan lobster larva reported so far, is described from the Toarcian Posidonia Shale (Germany) by Haug, Haug & Schweigert (2019). Redescription of the isopod species Palaega sismondai Ristori (1891) is published by Hyžný, Pasini & Garassino (2019), who transfer this species to the genus Bathynomus. A moult of a giant isopod is described from the early Oligocene Ranzano Formation by Pasini & Garassino (2019), representing the oldest fossil record of the genus Bathynomus from Italy. A study on the Late Devonian ostracods from the Yangdi and Nandong sections in South China, and on their responses to the Frasnian-Famennian event, is published by Song, Huang & Gong (2019). A diverse earliest Triassic ostracod fauna is reported from the Yangou section in South China by Qiu et al. (2019). A revision of ostracods from the Upper Oligocene to Lower Miocene Pirabas Formation (Brazil) is published by Nogueira, Ramos & Hunt (2019). A study on changes of diversity of Neogene fossil marine ostracods from Java, Indonesia is published by Shin et al. (2019). A study on deep-sea benthic ostracod assemblages from the southern Sea of Japan covering the last 2 million years, evaluating their responses to the Mid-Brunhes Event, orbital-scale climatic cycles, and fluctuations of the Tsushima Warm Current, is published by Huang et al. (2019). A three-dimensionally preserved specimen of a late growth stage of the phosphatocopid species Cyclotron angelini is described from the Furongian strata of northern Poland by Olempska et al. (2019). A study on the ecology of clam shrimps from the Anjiagou and Hengdaozi beds of the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation (China) is published by Hethke et al. (2019). A study on the oxygen isotope composition of whale barnacle shells from three Pleistocene localities along the eastern Pacific coast, and on their implications for the knowledge of the history of whale migrations, is published by Taylor et al. (2019). A study on the internal soft-tissue anatomy of Hesslandona angustata is published by Liu et al. (2019).
New taxa
Malacostracans Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes ImagesAcanthocarpus osborniSp. novValidFeldmann, Schweitzer & PhillipsOligoceneA crab, a species of Acanthocarpus.AhazianassaGen. et comb. novValidKarasawa et al.Late Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian)Izumi GroupA member of the family Gourretiidae; a new genus for "Callianassa" masanorii Karasawa (1998).AlontecarcinusGen. et sp. novValidDe Angeli & CaporiondoEocene (Bartonian)A crab belonging to the family Potamidae. The type species is A. buratoi.AmatukamiusGen. et comb. novValidKarasawa & OharaEarly Cretaceous (Barremian)Arida FormationA member of Axiidea belonging to the family Micheleidae; a new genus for "Callianassa" sakakuraorum Karasawa (2000). Anapagurus dalessandroi Sp. nov Valid Beschin, Busulini & Tessier in Beschin et al. Eocene (Priabonian) A member of the family Paguridae.Annuntidiogenes elongatusSp. nov ValidFraaije et al.Late Jurassic (Tithonian)Ernstbrunn LimestoneA hermit crab belonging to the family Annuntidiogenidae.Annuntidiogenes hoelderiSp. nov ValidFraaije et al.Late Jurassic (Tithonian)Ernstbrunn LimestoneA hermit crab belonging to the family Annuntidiogenidae.AnoplocarcinusGen. et sp. novValidSchweitzer et al.Early Cretaceous (Albian)Hudspeth FormationA crab belonging to the group Raninoida and to the family Orithopsidae. The type species is A. hudspethi.AragolambrusGen. et sp. novValidFerratges, Zamora & AurellEocene (Ypresian)A crab belonging to the family Parthenopidae. Genus includes new species A. collinsi.ArchaeochiapasaGen. et sp. novValidGuinot, Carbot-Chanona & VegaLate Cretaceous (Cenomanian)Sierra Madre FormationA crab belonging to the group Heterotremata, assigned to the new family Archaeochiapasidae. The type species is A. mardoqueoi.Archaeopus burgessiSp. novValidNyborg et al.Late Cretaceous (Campanian)Cedar District FormationA crab belonging to the family Retroplumidae.Archaeopus diabolusSp. novValidSchweitzer et al.Late CretaceousArchaeopus hoploserratusSp. novValidNyborg et al.Late Cretaceous (Campanian)Northumberland FormationA crab belonging to the family Retroplumidae.Archaeopus morenoensisSp. novValidNyborg et al.Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)Moreno FormationA crab belonging to the family Retroplumidae.Bachmayerus gaspariciSp. nov ValidFraaije et al.Late Jurassic (Tithonian)Ernstbrunn LimestoneA hermit crab belonging to the family Diogenidae.Bachmayerus matushyznyiSp. nov