The Archdiocese of Glasgow was one of the thirteen (after 1633 fourteen) dioceses of the Scottish Christian church. It was the second largest diocese in the Kingdom of Scotland, including Clydesdale, Teviotdale, parts of Tweeddale, Liddesdale, Annandale, Nithsdale, Cunninghame, Kyle, and Strathgryfe, as well as Lennox, Carrick and the part of Galloway known as Desnes.
Glasgow became an archbishopric in 1492, eventually securing the dioceses of Galloway, Argyll and the Isles as suffragans. The Church of Scotland ceased its allegiance to Rome in 1560, but continued appointing bishops intermittently until 1689, when episcopacy was abolished in the Church of Scotland. Since then, The Scottish Episcopal Church has continued appointing bishops to the diocese (no longer an archdiocese since 1724), which was merged with the Diocese of Galloway in 1837. A Roman Catholic jurisdiction named after the medieval archdiocese was also established in 1878.
History The diocese of Glasgow became important in the 12th century. It was organized by the Catholic king David I of Scotland and John, Bishop of Glasgow. There had been an earlier religious site the exact age of which is unknown. According to doubtful hagiographical tradition, this ecclesiastical site had been established by Saint Kentigern. The bishopric became one of the largest and wealthiest in the Kingdom of Scotland, bringing wealth and status to the town. Somewhere between 1175 and 1178 this position was strengthened even further when Bishop Jocelin obtained for the episcopal settlement the status of burgh from King William the Lion, allowing the settlement to expand with the benefits of trading monopolies and other legal guarantees. Sometime between 1189 and 1195 this status was supplemented by an annual fair, which survives to this day as the Glasgow Fair.
Until 1560, when practice of the Catholic faith was suppressed by act of the Parliament of Scotland, nearly all the bishops of Glasgow took an active share in the government of the country; whether as chancellors or treasurers of the kingdom or as members of regency during the minority of a sovereign. Robert Wishart (consecrated 1272, d. 1316) was conspicuous for his patriotism during the Scottish War of Independence from England, and was the close friend of William Wallace and Robert Bruce. William Turnbull (consecrated 1447, d. 1454), obtained in 1450 from Pope Nicholas V the charter of foundation for the University of Glasgow.
On 9 January 1492, Pope Innocent VIII raised the see to metropolitan rank, attaching to it the suffragan dioceses of Argyle, Dunblane, Dunkeld, and Galloway. James Beaton, nephew of the celebrated Cardinal David Beaton, was the fourth and last archbishop of the old hierarchy.
In 1560, eight years after his nomination, he was forced to retire to France, where he acted as confidential agent of Mary, Queen of Scots, and later openly as ambassador for James VI, till his death in Paris, 25 April 1603. He carried away with him the diocesan records, two of which deserve special mention: (1) "Registrum Vetus Ecclesiae Cathedralis Glasguensis", in handwriting of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and (2) "Liber Ruber Ecclesiae Glasguensis", with entries from about 1400 to 1476. These, along with other records, were in 1843 printed in a volume for the Maitland Club under the title: "Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis: Munimenta Ecclesiae Metropolitanae Glasguensis a sede restauratâ saeculo ineunte XII ad reformatam religionem". A more splendid memorial of those times still remains in the old cathedral of St. Mungo, which was begun by Bishop Jocelin (consecrated 1175, d. 1199) and received its last additions from Archbishop Robert Blackadder (consecrated 1484, d. 1508).
Restoration
In 1828, as part of the Restoration of the Scottish hierarchy, the Holy See erected the Western District or Vicariate of Scotland, and the first vicar Apostolic to reside in Glasgow was Andrew Scott, Bishop of Erythrae (b. 1772, d, 1846). He was succeeded by John Murdoch, Bishop of Castabala (b. 1796, d. 1865) and John Gray, Bishop of Hypsopolis (b. 1817, d. 1872). On the resignation of Bishop Gray in 1869 Charles Petre Eyre (b. 1817, d. 1902) was consecrated Archbishop of Anazarba and appointed administrator Apostolic. On the Restoration of the Scottish hierarchy by Pope Leo XIII, 4 March 1878, the Archbishopric of Glasgow was re-established, and Archbishop Eyre was transferred to the restored see.
Bishops and archbishops
Parishes Parishes listed by deanery:
Annandale
Annan Applegarth Brydekirk (St Brigit) Carruthers Castlemilk Corrie Cummertrees Dalton Magna Dalton Parva Dornock Dryfesdale (St Cuthbert) Ecclefechan Gretna Hoddom Hutton Magna Hutton Parva Johnstone Kirkconnell (St Connall) independent parsonage Kirkpatrick Fleming (St Patrick) Kirkpatrick Juxta (St Patick) Lochmaben Luce Middlebie Moffat Mouswald Pennersaughs Redkirk (St Patrick) Ruthwell Sibbaldbie (St James) Trailtrow Tundergarth Wamphray
Carrick
Ballantrae (St Cuthbert) Colmonell or Kilcolmonell (St Colmán Elo) Dailly (St Ciaran) Girvan Kirkbride (St Brigit) Kirkmichael (St Michael) Kirkoswald (St Oswald) Maybole Straiton
Dessenes
Colmonell (St Colmán Elo) Colvend Kirkbean (St Bean) Kirkbride or Blaikit (St Brigit) Kirkgunzeon (St Finian) Kirkpatrick Durham (St Patrick) Kirkpatrick Irongray (St Patrick) Lochrutton New Abbey Southwick Terregles Urr (St Constantine)
Eskdale
Canonbie Eskdalemuir Ewes (St Martin) Kirkandrews on Esk (St Andrew) Overkirk of Ewes (St Cuthbert) Staplegorton Wauchope Westerkirk
Kyle and Cunningham
Ardrossan Auchinleck Ayr Barnweill Beith Coylton Craigie Cumbrae Dalmellington Dalry Dalrymple Dreghorn Dundonald (St Giles) Dunlop Fenwick Galston Irvine Kilbirnie (St Brendan) Kilmarnock (St Ernan) Kilmaurs (St Maura) Kilwinning Largs (St Columba) Loudoun Mauchline Monkton (St Cuthbert) New Cumnock Ochiltree Old Cumnock Pierston Prestwick St Nicholas (St Nicholas) Riccarton St Quivox Stevenson (St Monachus) Stewarton Symington Tarbolton West Kilbride (St Brigit)
Lanark
Biggar Carluke (St Loesuc ?) Carmichael (St Michael ?) Carnwath Carstairs Covington Crawford (St Constantine) Crawfordjohn Culter Dolphinton Douglas Dunsyre East Kilbride (St Brigit) Lamington (St Finian ?) Lanark (St Kentigern) Lesmahagow (St Fechin) Libberton Nemphlar Pettinain Quothquhan Roberton Stonehouse Symington Thankerton (St John) Walston Wandel Wiston
Lennox
Antermony Baldernock Balfron Bonhill Buchanan (St Kentigern) Campsie Cardross Drymen (St Columba ?) Dumbarton Fintry Killearn Kilmaronock (St Ronan) Kilsyth Kirkintilloch Luss (St Kessog) New Kilpatrick Old Kilpatrick Rhu Rosneath Strathblane
Nithsdale
Caerlaverock Closeburn (St Osbern ?) Dalgarnock Dumfries Dumgree Dunscore (St Cairbre) Durisdeer Garvald Glencairn Holywood Kirkbride (St Brigit) Kirkconnell (St Conall) Kirkmahoe (St Kentigern) Morton Penpont Sanquhar Tinwald Torthorwald Trailflat Troqueer Tynron
Peebles
Broughton (St Lolan) Drumelzier Eddleston Ettrick Glenholm (St Cuthbert) Innerleithen Kailzie Kilbucho (St Beoga) Kirkurd Lyne Manor Newlands Peebles Skirling Stobo Traquair West Linton Yarrow (St Mary)
Rutherglen
Avondale (St Mary) Blantyre Bothwell (St Bride) Cadder Cambuslang Cambusnethan Carmunnock Cathcart (St Oswald) Dalserf or Machanshire Dalziel Eaglesham Eastwood Erskine Glasgow (St Kentigern) Glassford Govan (St Constantine) Hamilton Houston (St Peter) Inchinnan Inverkip Kilbarchan (St Berchan) Killellan (St Fillan) Kilmacolm (St Columba) Lochwinnoch (St Finan) Mearns Neilston New Monkland Old Monkland Paisley (St Mirren) Pollock Port Glasgow Renfrew Rutherglen Shotts Torrance
Teviotdale
Abbotrule Ancrum Ashkirk Bedrule Bowden Castletown (St Martin) Cavers Magna Cavers Parva Crailing Eckford Ettleton Galashiels Hassendean (St Kentigern) Hawick Hobkirk Hownam Jedburgh Kelso Lampitlaw Lilliesleaf Linton Longnewton Maxton Maxwell Melrose Minto Morebattle Mow Nisbet Old Roxburgh Oxnam Rankilburn Roxburgh (Holy Sepulchre) Roxburgh (St James) Selkirk Abbatis Selkirk Regis Southdean Sprouston St Boswells (St Bosil) Wheelkirk Wilton Yetholm
References
External links Glasgow Cathedral Precinct - Provides an extensive history of the pre-Reformation diocese.