Bilbija is a Serb surname, derived from bilbil, the Slavic variant of the Turkish word bülbül meaning "nightingale". Notable people with the surname include:
Filip Bilbija (born 2000), German footballer Nemanja Bilbija (born 1990), Bosnian footballer, son of Milorad Nenad Bilbija (born 1984), Slovene handball player Milorad Bilbija (born 1964), retired Bosnian footballer, father of Nemanja