Tereshkov (feminine: Tereshkova) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexey Tereshkov (1893–1960), Soviet general Valentina Tereshkova (born 1937), Soviet cosmonaut, first woman in space Olga Tereshkova (born 1984), Kazakh former sprinter who specialized in the 400 metres
See also Terekhov