Alaniz is a surname originating in Spain. Notable people with the surname include:
Lourdes Alaniz, Mexican artist Martín Alaniz (born 1993), Uruguayan footballer Maximiliano Alaníz (born 1990), Argentine footballer Ricardo Alaníz Posada (born 1937), Mexican businessman and politician Rico Alaniz (1919–2015), Mexican-born American actor Ruben Alaniz (born 1991), American baseball player