The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Newfoundland and Labrador.
Newfoundland and Labrador – the most easterly province of Canada. It comprises the island of Newfoundland, mainland Labrador, and over 7,000 small islands. It is Canada's ninth-most populous province or territory and tenth-largest in total area. A former colony and dominion of the United Kingdom, Newfoundland gave up its independence in 1933 and became the tenth province to enter the Canadian Confederation in 1949. Its name was officially changed to Newfoundland and Labrador in 2001.
General reference
Pronunciation: Official English name: Newfoundland and Labrador Official French name: Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador Other names: in Newfoundland Irish Ikkarumikluak ("place of many shoals" for Newfoundland) and Nunatsuak ("the big land" for Labrador) in Inuttitut Taqamkuk (Newfoundland) in Mi'kmaq Nicknames: Labrador: The Big Land Newfoundland: The Rock Common endonym(s): Official endonym(s): Adjectival(s): Newfoundland and Labrador Demonym(s): Newfoundlander, Labradorian, Newfoundlanders and Labradorians, Newfie (colloquial, may be derisive) Telephone area code 709
Geography
Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland and Labrador is: a province of Canada. Canada is: a country Population of Newfoundland and Labrador: 526,702 (2016 Statistics Canada) Area of Newfoundland and Labrador: 405,212 km2 (156,500 sq mi) 92.3% land 7.7% water Atlas of Newfoundland and Labrador
Location Newfoundland and Labrador is situated within the following regions: Northern Hemisphere, Western Hemisphere Americas North America Northern America Laurentia Canada Eastern Canada Canadian Shield Labrador Peninsula Appalachian Mountains Island of Newfoundland Time zones (see also Time in Canada): Newfoundland Time Zone (UTC−03.5) officially; Atlantic Time (UTC−04) commonly used for Labrador Daylight saving time (DST) observed from the 2nd Sunday in March to the 1st Sunday in November Extreme points of Newfoundland and Labrador Highest point of Newfoundland and Labrador Landforms of Newfoundland and Labrador (category)
Environment
Environment of Canada Climate of Newfoundland and Labrador Ecology of Newfoundland and Labrador Ecozones: Marine ecozones: Atlantic Marine Ecozone (south coast of Newfoundland) Northwest Atlantic Marine Ecozone (coastal Labrador and north coast of Newfoundland) Terrestrial ecozones: Arctic Cordillera (northeastern Labrador Peninsula) Boreal Shield Ecozone (western interior of Newfoundland) Newfoundland Highland forests Taiga Shield Ecozone (most of Labrador) Geology of Newfoundland and Labrador Geology of Newfoundland and Labrador (category) List of dateable fossil discoveries in Newfoundland and Labrador Protected areas of Newfoundland and Labrador Wilderness and Ecological Reserves National parks in Newfoundland and Labrador
List of designated places in Newfoundland and Labrador List of historic places in Newfoundland and Labrador List of historic places in Labrador List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Newfoundland and Labrador (46) Provincial parks of Newfoundland and Labrador Wildlife of Canada in Newfoundland and Labrador List of flora of Newfoundland and Labrador List of fauna of Newfoundland and Labrador Birds of Newfoundland and Labrador Mammals of Newfoundland
Natural geographic features
Landforms of Newfoundland and Labrador (category) Fjords of Newfoundland and Labrador Peninsulas of Newfoundland and Labrador (category) List of islands of Newfoundland and Labrador Lakes of Newfoundland and Labrador List of dams and reservoirs in Newfoundland and Labrador Rivers of Newfoundland and Labrador Waterfalls of Newfoundland and Labrador Mountains of Newfoundland and Labrador Mountain ranges of Newfoundland and Labrador (category) Volcanoes in Newfoundland and Labrador Volcanism of Newfoundland and Labrador (category) Volcanoes of Newfoundland and Labrador (category) Valleys of Newfoundland and Labrador (category)
Heritage sites
World Heritage Sites in Newfoundland and Labrador (4) L'Anse aux Meadows Gros Morne National Park Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve Red Bay Basque Whaling Station National Historic Sites in Newfoundland and Labrador
Regions
Labrador Central Labrador Western Labrador Nunatsiavut (the north coast region) Nunatukavut (the south coast region) Island of Newfoundland South coast Avalon Peninsula Burin Peninsula Bonavista Peninsula Northeast coast Great Northern Peninsula West coast Bay of Islands Bay St. George Bay St. George South Port au Port Peninsula
Administrative divisions
Census divisions of Newfoundland and Labrador List of census agglomerations in Newfoundland and Labrador List of census divisions of Newfoundland and Labrador List of communities in Newfoundland and Labrador List of Newfoundland and Labrador communities by population Newfoundland outports List of ghost towns in Newfoundland and Labrador List of municipalities in Newfoundland and Labrador List of Newfoundland and Labrador federal electoral districts Avalon Bonavista–Burin–Trinity Coast of Bays–Central–Notre Dame Labrador Long Range Mountains St. John's East St. John's South–Mount Pearl List of Newfoundland and Labrador provincial electoral districts Baie Verte–Green Bay Bonavista Burgeo–La Poile Burin–Grand Bank Cape St. Francis Carbonear–Trinity–Bay de Verde Cartwright–L'Anse au Clair Conception Bay East–Bell Island Conception Bay South Corner Brook Exploits Ferryland Fogo Island–Cape Freels Fortune Bay–Cape La Hune Gander Grand Falls–Windsor–Buchans Harbour Grace–Port de Grave Harbour Main Humber–Bay of Islands Humber–Gros Morne Labrador West Lake Melville Lewisporte–Twillingate Mount Pearl North Mount Pearl–Southlands Mount Scio Placentia–St. Mary's Placentia West–Bellevue St. Barbe–L'Anse aux Meadows St. George's–Humber St. John's Centre St. John's East–Quidi Vidi St. John's West Stephenville–Port au Port Terra Nova Topsail–Paradise Torngat Mountains Virginia Waters–Pleasantville Waterford Valley Windsor Lake List of population centres in Newfoundland and Labrador
Indian reserves List of Indian reserves in Newfoundland and Labrador
Municipalities
List of municipalities in Newfoundland and Labrador Population centres in Newfoundland and Labrador Municipalities by type Cities of Newfoundland and Labrador Capital of Newfoundland and Labrador: St. John's Corner Brook Mount Pearl Towns in Newfoundland and Labrador Villages in Newfoundland and Labrador Communities in Newfoundland and Labrador
Demography
Demographics of Newfoundland and Labrador List of population centres in Newfoundland and Labrador Population compared to other provinces
Government and politics
Politics of Newfoundland and Labrador Form of government: parliamentary constitutional monarchy Capital of Newfoundland and Labrador: St. John's Elections in Newfoundland and Labrador List of Newfoundland and Labrador general elections List of Newfoundland and Labrador by-elections Political parties in Newfoundland and Labrador
Government branches
Government of Newfoundland and Labrador
Executive branch Head of state: King in Right of Newfoundland and Labrador, King of Canada, King Charles III Head of state's representative (Viceroy): Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, Joan Marie Aylward Previous lieutenant governors Head of government: Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador, Tony Wakeham Previous premiers Premiers of Newfoundland and Labrador by time in office Cabinet: Executive Council of Newfoundland and Labrador Head of council: Lieutenant Governor in Council, as representative of the King in Right of Newfoundland and Labrador Departments of the Newfoundland and Labrador government Department of Advanced Education and Skills Department of Child, Youth and Family Services Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Environment and Conservation (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Finance (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Health and Community Services (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Innovation, Business and Rural Development Department of Justice and Public Safety (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Labrador and Aboriginal Affairs (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey of Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Municipal and Intergovernmental Affairs (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Seniors, Wellness and Social Development (Newfoundland and Labrador) Department of Services NL Department of Transportation and Works (Newfoundland and Labrador)
Legislative branch
Parliament of Newfoundland and Labrador (unicameral): Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly Speaker of the House of Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador: vacant Leader of the Opposition (Newfoundland and Labrador): Ches Crosby Confederation Building (Newfoundland and Labrador) 48th General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador
Judicial branch
Federal Courts of Canada Supreme Court of Canada Federal Court of Appeal Tax Court of Canada Canadian court of appeal: Newfoundland and Labrador Court of Appeal Superior court: Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador (Court of Appeal) Provincial Court: Court of Newfoundland and Labrador The Civil Division The Criminal and Penal Division The Youth Division Military court: Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada
Regional relations
Atlantic Provinces Economic Council proposed Atlantic Union
International relations Ireland Newfoundland Partnership
Law and order
Law of Newfoundland and Labrador Bar of Newfoundland and Labrador – the provincial law society for lawyers in Newfoundland and Labrador Capital punishment: none. Newfoundland and Labrador, as with all of Canada, does not have capital punishment. Canada eliminated the death penalty for murder on July 14, 1976. Constitution of Newfoundland and Labrador Criminal justice system of Newfoundland and Labrador Crime in Newfoundland and Labrador (category) Organized crime in Newfoundland and Labrador Human rights in Newfoundland and Labrador LGBT rights in Newfoundland and Labrador Same-sex marriage in Newfoundland and Labrador Law enforcement Royal Newfoundland Constabulary (urban areas such as St. John's, Corner brook and Labrador West) Local municipal police forces (where such exist) Royal Canadian Mounted Police (contracted to patrol the rest of the province) Correctional services in Newfoundland and Labrador
Military
Canadian Forces (Being a part of Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador does not have its own military.) Canadian Forces bases in Newfoundland and Labrador (category)
Local government
Local government in Newfoundland and Labrador List of mayors of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
History
History of Newfoundland and Labrador
History, by period History of Newfoundland and Labrador by period (category) Beothuk
History, by region
Newfoundland (island)#History
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador#History
History, by subject
Abandoned colonies L'Anse aux Meadows, possibly Leifsbudir, 1000 South Falkland, 1623 Disasters in Newfoundland and Labrador (category) Economic history of Newfoundland and Labrador History of Fisheries of Newfoundland and Labrador Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery Turbot War Migratory Fishery of Labrador
History of the petroleum industry in Canada (frontier exploration and development) Military history of Newfoundland and Labrador (category) Battle of Placentia (1692) Newfoundland Campaign (1744)
Culture