Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh

The Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh is awarded by the College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine to a person who has made any highly important and valuable addition to practical therapeutics in the previous five years. The prize, which may be awarded biennially, was founded in 1878 by Andrew Robertson Cameron of Richmond, New South Wales, with a sum of £2,000. The University's senatus academicus may require the prizewinner to deliver one or more lectures or to publish an account on the addition made to practical therapeutics. A list of recipients of the prize dates back to 1879.

Cameron Prize Recipients +YearImageLaureateInstitutionInterestRef1879Paul BertFaculty of Sciences, Paris The SorbonneDecompression sickness, toxicity of high concentrations of oxygen1880William RobertsOwens College, Manchester Discovered the antibacterial effects of penicillium moulds, coined the word "enzyme"1889Louis PasteurPasteur InstitutePrinciples of vaccination, first vaccines for rabies and anthrax, microbial fermentation, pasteurization first resolution of optical isomers1890Joseph ListerKing's College Hospital, LondonPioneer of antiseptic surgery1891David FerrierKing's College Hospital, LondonCortical localisation1893Victor Horsley National Hospital for Paralysis and EpilepsyDeveloped the Horsley–Clarke apparatus, stereotactic neurosurgery, epilepsy1894Emil von BehringUniversity of Marburg, Marburg, GermanyDiphtheria antitoxin1896William MacewenUniversity of GlasgowAseptic procedures in the operating theatre, a pioneer of brain surgery and for the development of a number of successful operating techniques and procedures in bone surgery1897Thomas FraserDepartment of Materia Medica EdinburghIntroduced strophanthus and physostigmine1898Sydney CopemanMinistry of Health. UKAuthority on vaccination1899David BruceNetley Hospital at Netley, UKInvestigated brucellosis and trypanosomes, identifying the cause of African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)1900Waldemar HaffkinePasteur Institute in ParisVaccines against cholera and bubonic plague1901Patrick MansonThe London School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineDiscoveries in parasitology and a founder of the field of tropical medicine 1902Ronald RossUniversity College, Liverpool, United KingdomMalaria, by which he showed how it enters the organism. Won Nobel Prize in 19021904Niels Ryberg FinsenCopenhagen University HospitalTreatment of lupus vulgaris with concentrated light radiation. Won Nobel Prize in 19031910August BierCharité - Universitätsmedizin, BerlinSpinal anesthesia using cocaine and intravenous regional anesthesia1911Simon FlexnerRockefeller Institute for Medical ResearchStudies into poliomyelitis and the development of serum treatment for meningitis1914Paul EhrlichFrankfurt University, Germany Hematology, immunology, and antimicrobial chemotherapy, discovered arsphenamine (Salvarsan), the first effective medicinal treatment for syphilis, concept of a silver bullet. Nobel Prize in 19081915Thomas Lauder BruntonSt. Bartholomew's Hospital, LondonUse of amyl nitrite to treat angina pectoris, dissertation on digitalis1920Robert JonesMilitary orthopaedic hospital at LiverpoolRadiography in orthopaedics, described the Jones fracture.1921Jules BordetUniversité Libre de BruxellesDevelopment of serological tests for syphilis, isolated Bordetella pertussis in pure culture in 1906 and posited it as the cause of whooping cough. Nobel Prize 1921.1922Frederick HopkinsUniversity of CambridgeDiscovery of growth-stimulating vitamins, the amino acid tryptophan and the discovery and characterization of glutathione. Nobel Prize 1929. 1923J J R MacleodUniversity of TorontoIsolation of insulin, Nobel Prize 19231924Harvey CushingHarvard Medical SchoolCushing's disease1925Rudolf MagnusUniversity Medical Center UtrechtDiuretic effect of the excretions of the pituitary gland, the reflexes involved in mammal posture, studied the effects of narcotics and poison gasses on the lungs1926Henry Hallett DaleNational Institute for Medical ResearchStudy of acetylcholine as agent in the chemical transmission of nerve impulses. Nobel Prize 19361927Frederick BantingUniversity of TorontoTreated dogs so that they no longer produced trypsin, insulin could then be extracted and used to treat diabetes. Nobel Prize 19231928Constantin LevaditiCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyDiscovered in the presence of the polio virus in tissues other than nervous and this was the basis for the development of vaccine (by Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin)1929Leonard RogersHospital for Tropical DiseasesEffects of hæmostatic and other drugs on the intravascular coagulability of the blood and treatment of cholera with hypertonic saline, worked on Entamoeba histolytica, which he correctly associated with both dysentery and hepatic abscess1930George R MinotHarvard UniversityDiscovered an effective treatment for pernicious anemia. Nobel Prize 1934William P. MurphyBrigham Hospital, BostonShared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934 with George Minot and George Whipple combined work in devising and treating macrocytic anemia (specifically, pernicious anemia). :iver had been tried on people with pernicious anemia and later were able to isolate Vitamin B121931Marie CurieÉcole Normale SupérieureFirst woman to win a Nobel Prize with her husband, coined the word "radioactivity", and isolated radium chloride and pure radium. Nobel Prizes 1903 and 19111932Edward MellanbyUniversity of SheffieldDetermined that cause of rickets is lack of vitamin D1933Gladys Rowena Henry DickUniversity of ChicagoIsolated hemolytic streptococcus, co-developed a vaccine for scarlet fever, and introduced the Dick TestGeorge Frederick DickUniversity of ChicagoIsolated hemolytic streptococcus, co-developed a vaccine for scarlet fever, and introduced the Dick Test1935Edward Albert Sharpey SchaferUniversity of EdinburghFounder of endocrinology, coined the word "insulin" after theorising that a single substance from the pancreas was responsible for diabetes mellitus. Schafer's method of artificial respiration, introduced the use of suprarenal extract (containing adrenaline as well as other active substances)1936Julius Wagner-JaureggClinic for Psychiatry and Nervous Diseases in ViennaIntroduced malaria inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica (neurosyphilis) and research on goiter, cretinism, and iodine. Nobel Prize 19271937Carl Hamilton Browning University of GlasgowWorked in Germany with Paul Ehrlich, discovered the therapeutic qualities of acridine dyes1938James B Collip McGill University in Montreal Working with the Toronto group that isolated insulin he prepared a pancreatic extract pure enough to be used in clinical trials, pioneering work with parathyroid hormone. Nobel Prize 1923 1938Karl LandsteinerUniversity of Vienna