From March 13–15, 2017, a major late-season blizzard, unofficially referred to as Winter Storm Stella by The Weather Channel and other media, or more commonly referred to as the Blizzard of 2017, Blizzard Eugene, the Pi Day Storm, or the Pi Day Blizzard, affected the Northeastern United States, New England and Canada, dumping up to of snow in the hardest hit areas, mainly New York, Vermont, New Hampshire and southern Quebec. Forming out of an extratropical cyclone near the Northwest, the storm system dived into the northern portions of the United States, dropping light to moderate snow across the Great Lakes, Upper Midwest on March 11–12 before reaching the Ohio Valley the next day. It later coalesced into a powerful nor'easter off the East Coast, producing a swath of heavy snowfall across a large portion of the Northeast. However, it tracked closer to the coast then expected, cutting down on snow totals in some of the big cities such as New York City, which was originally expected to receive up to of snow but affected more inland ones like Montreal and Sherbrooke (Canada). The nor'easter continued its way further into New England and the Maritimes throughout the day of March 15, before subsiding the next day as it moved away onto Newfoundland.
Ahead of the storm, residents prepared in advance for the major nor'easter, with blizzard warnings issued for several states, including New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts. Several officials had crews with salt trucks ready to deploy to clear roads. The system also disrupted travel across the country, with numerous flight cancellations at most of the major airports in the Northeast. It dropped a swath of moderate snow accumulation as it moved across the northern tier of the country, with as much as reported. The storm was also responsible for ending a record streak without snowfall in Chicago, Illinois, where no snow had occurred since December 25, 2016.
Meteorological history
On March 9, an extratropical cyclone formed in the North Pacific Ocean. On March 11, it began to affect parts of the Northwestern United States as well as British Columbia in Canada. It eventually moved ashore later that day and transferred its energy to a new surface low, which began to move southeastwards into the United States as an Alberta clipper. The system moved swiftly across the Upper Midwest throughout the day of March 12, dropping a swath of accumulating snow of as frontogenesis took place. On March 13 at 15:00 UTC, the Weather Prediction Center began issuing storm summaries while the system was located west-northwest of St. Louis, Missouri. Throughout the day, a weak secondary area of low pressure formed in the Gulf of Mexico and drifted northeastwards, while not expected to fuse with the other low to its north, it helped inject moisture from the ocean over the state of Florida, which gradually began to merge with the outermost fringes of the northerly system that had now moved into the Ohio Valley.
By 21:00 UTC that night, a new surface low developed off the Georgia coastline with a central pressure of , eventually becoming the dominant low of the nor'easter. The storm began to rapidly deepen as it moved parallel to the East Coast of the United States, with the central pressure dropping to by 15:00 UTC on March 14 while it was just off the Maryland coastline. The storm continued to intensify as it drifted northeastwards towards Long Island, continuing to produce an expansive area of snow with heavier rates embedded in snowbands across Connecticut, northern New York and most of interior New England, as well as parts of Canada. The low subsequently reached its peak intensity of while just inland over Long Island. By 20:00 UTC, most of the snow had come to an end in New Jersey, Delaware, and Washington D.C., as the low began to move inland over New England; subsequently it also began to weaken as it traveled further inland, and by early on March 15, snow began to end in more parts of the region. The system continued to weaken as it moved slowly through upper New England, the system continued to weaken, consequently, the Weather Prediction Center terminated storm summaries on the winter storm as nearly most of the moderate to heavy snow had stopped in the region and switched to rain. On March 18, the low that was formerly the blizzard had moved out to sea and dissipated.
Forecasting controversy On March 14, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo stated that the storm was not as bad as previously anticipated, due to the change over to a mix of snow and sleet, but advised residents to not let their guard down, as the storm was still predicted to cause high wind gusts and coastal flooding.
The reduction in snowfall totals was due to a shift in the storm's track to the west more towards the New Jersey coastline, which resulted in more mixed precipitation rather than snow. Initially, the National Weather Service predicted that the blizzard would leave New York City with up to (rivaling it almost with the Great Blizzard of 1888), however these totals were later reduced due to the change in the system's track. Similarly, the metro area faced a similar situation a little over two years prior where New York City was predicted to receive up to of snow, but only received less than half of the predicted amount due to a shift in the storm's track by .
Meteorologists at the National Weather Service were aware of the changing conditions that led to lesser snow accumulations along the coast the night prior to the expected event. In a multi-office conference, however, forecasters decided to maintain the higher-than-likely snowfall predictions "out of extreme caution." They sought to avoid sending mixed and/or incorrect messages about a dangerous storm by maintaining a steady forecast.
Preparations Weather alerts at 6:36 p.m. EST (23:36 UTC) on March 13 in advance of the winter storm around Pennsylvania and New Jersey Blizzard warning Winter storm warning Storm warning Gale warning Small craft advisory High wind warning United States Amtrak made several adjustments to service on the Northeast Corridor in preparation of the storm. On the Acela Express, service was suspended between New York City and Boston and reduced between Washington, D.C. and New York City on March 14. Northeast Regional trains were placed on a modified schedule on March 14 with several trains shortened or cancelled. Keystone Service trains were placed on a severe weather schedule for March 14. Bieber Transportation Group cancelled buses to Philadelphia and New York City on March 14.
President Donald Trump postponed a meeting with Angela Merkel due to the nor'easter.
Mid-Atlantic New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania On March 11, the National Weather Service issued blizzard watches for parts of the Northeast, including New York City.
Late on March 12, officials issued a hazardous travel advisory in advance of the storm, which was predicted to bring up to of snow to parts of the state, including Staten Island.
The following day on March 13, New York City mayor Bill de Blasio urged the residents of the region to avoid traveling at any point due to the dangerous conditions and also allowing for sanitation crews to respond faster. The New York City Department of Sanitation said that they had nearly 700 salt spreaders across the boroughs of the state, and 1,600 plows would be dispatched to clear the roadways. New York Governor Andrew Cuomo advised everyone in a statement that "[I] encourage all New Yorkers in affected regions to plan ahead, and avoid any unnecessary travel as the storm progresses," and also said to expect disruptions to travel and transportation.
A state of emergency was declared in New York City on March 13, in which the above ground subway system will be shut down on March 14. LaGuardia Airport was also completely shut down. The state also declared state of emergency. The Wildlife Conservation Society closed all zoos and aquariums in New York City, and the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island, Empire State Building, and several museums and libraries closed as well.
On March 13, a snow emergency was declared for Philadelphia, which was to go into effect later that night. 50,000 tons of salt were said to be available and salting would begin when the snow arrived. Pennsylvania Governor Tom Wolf signed a proclamation of disaster that day and stated that speeds would be restricted on most major freeways. Several businesses and attractions in Philadelphia closed on March 14 including the Philadelphia Zoo, Independence Hall National Historic Park, and the Philadelphia Museum of Art. SEPTA made changes to bus and train service in anticipation of the storm, with service on several bus routes altered or suspended and Regional Rail service running on a modified Saturday schedule on March 14. Several flights at Philadelphia International Airport on March 14 were cancelled in anticipation of the storm. The Berks Area Regional Transportation Authority and LANta cancelled all service on March 14. The United States Postal Service closed post offices and cancelled mail delivery for several locations in Pennsylvania on March 14.
Schools in North Jersey announced closures for Tuesday. A state of emergency was later declared by Governor Chris Christie, with state offices closed on March 14. New Jersey Transit suspended bus service starting at midnight on March 14 and implemented weekend schedules on commuter rail and light rail lines for March 14. PATCO Speedline announced they would be operating on a reduced snow schedule on March 14.
In Delaware, Governor John Carney issued a level one driving warning for New Castle County and DMV offices in New Castle County were closed on March 14.
Washington D.C, Virginia and Maryland Washington, D.C., was issued a winter storm warning on March 13. MetroAccess is issued to shut down on March 14.
Virginia Governor Terry McAuliffe also declared a state of emergency late on March 13. The state of emergency was to allow state agencies to assist local governments as they respond to the storm. Roughly 4,500 pieces of equipment were ready to plow once snow totals began to exceed two inches.
A state of emergency was declared in Maryland by Governor Larry Hogan, urging people to prepare for the storm and stay off the roads.
New England In Boston, the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency said that they had mechanics working on loads of equipment to get ready for plowing the roads. Approximately 130 flights were cancelled as of the morning of March 13.