Casaubon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Isaac Casaubon (1559–1614), French classical scholar Méric Casaubon (1599–1671), French-English classical scholar, son of Isaac Marcelo Ebrard Casaubón (born 1959), head of government of the Mexican Federal District
Fictional characters Edward Casaubon, character in Middlemarch, 1871–72 novel by George Eliot; see Middlemarch § Casaubon Casaubon, character in Foucault's Pendulum, 1988 novel by Umberto Eco Casaubon, character in several of Mary Gentle's science fiction/fantasy works