The Safavid monarchs were the rulers of Iran after the establishment of the Safavid Empire by Shah Ismail I following his victory over the Aq Qoyunlu at the Siege of Tabriz in 1501.

The following table lists all the Safavid monarchs of Iran.

List of Safavid monarchs Portrait Titular Name Full Name Birth Reign Death NotesIsmail IAbu’l Muzaffar Shah Ismail al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur Khan17 July 1487Ardabil, Iran22 December 1501 – 23 May 152423 May 1524 (aged 36)Near Tabriz, IranFounded the dynasty. Formation of the first central government after the Arab invasion of Iran. Selecting Tabriz as the capital. Declaring Shiism as the official religion of the government and society. Victory in the war against the Uzbeks at 1510. Defeat in the Battle of ChaldiranIsmāʿīl I, in Encyclopædia Britannica, online ed., 2011Woodbridge Bingham, Hilary Conroy, Frank William Iklé, A History of Asia: Formations of Civilizations, From Antiquity to 1600, and Bacon, 1974, p. 116.Tahmasp IAbu’l Muzaffar Abu’l Fath Shah Tahmasp al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur Khan22 February 1514Shahabad, Isfahan, Iran23 May 1524 – 25 May 157625 May 1576 (aged 62)Qazvin, IranVictory over the Uzbeks. Consecutive defeats in the war with the Ottoman Empire. The conclusion of the Treaty of Amasya with the Ottoman Empire, under which; Western Georgia, Western Armenia, and parts of present-day Iraq were ceded to the Ottoman government. Asylum of Humayun Shah and Şehzade Bayezid to the court of Iran. Change the capital of safavid dynasty from Tabriz to QazvinShaw, Stanford J. (1976), History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey, Volume 1, p. 109. Cambridge University Press, Ismail IIAbu’l Muzaffar Shah Ismail II al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur Khan31 May 1537Qom, Iran22 August 1576 – 24 November 157724 November 1577 (aged 40)Qazvin, IranWith the help of the Qezelbash. he wins the race for succession over his brother Haidar Mirza. As soon as he came to power, he killed all his uncles, cousins, brothers and nephews (his older brother Mohammad Mirza, the ruler of Fars, and his sons like Abbas Mirza, who survived the massacre). Ishmael II has the shortest reign among all Safavid kings, he reigned for 1 year, 6 months and 22 daysIsmail II , Dr Manouchehr Parsadoost, , 2003Andrew J. Newman, Safavid Iran (IB Tauris, 2004) p. 42Oberling, Pierre, Georgians and Circassians in Iran, The Hague, 1963; pp.127-143Savory pp. 69–70Mohammad KhodabandaAbu’l Muzaffar Shah Sultan Mohammad al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur Khan1532?11 February 1578 – 1 October 15871595 (aged 64)Alamut Castle, Qazvin, IranIt is ruled by the rulers of qezelbash. Defeat in the war with the Ottoman Empire and the secession of the Caucasus, Armenia and Azerbaijan from Iran. Mohammad Khodabandeh was defeated by the Uzbeks in 1585, which led to the secession of Khorasan province from Iran (in the same year, the Uzbeks destroyed the tomb of Shah Tahmasp and removed his bones and set it on fire). In successive battles for the throne with his son abbas mirza, He was defeated in a series of battles with his son and was imprisoned in Alamut Castle for the rest of his life.Andrew J. Newman, Safavid Iran, I.B.Tauris, 2004, p.42Abbas IAbu’l Muzaffar Shah Abbas al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur Khan27 January 1571Herat, Safavid Iran (modern-day Afghanistan)1 October 1587 – 19 January 162919 January 1629 (aged 57)Ashraf, IranHe came to the throne with the help of qezelbash rulers. Early peace with the Ottoman Empire and buying time to reorganize the government and the army. Moved the capital of the Safavid dynasty from Qazvin to Isfahan. Attack on Uzbeks and retook lost territories during the reign of Shah sultan Mohammad Khodabanda. Attacks on the Ottoman Empire and the recapture of Tabriz, Urmia, Armenia and the conquest of Tbilisi, Iraqi Kurdistan and Baghdad. Recapture of Kandahar from Mughal empires. Invasion of Hormuz with English help and expulsion of the Portuguese from southern Iran.Safi I'Abu’l Muzaffar Safi Shah al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur Khan1611?28 January 1629 – 12 May 164212 May 1642 (aged 30/31)Kashan, IranKilling all the rulers of Shah Abbas and killing and blinding the whole royal family. Loss of the states of Baghdad and Kandahar. Peace with the Ottoman Empire and the conclusion of the Treaty of Zuhab between the parties and With the conclusion of this treaty, there was no war between the two countries until the end of the Safavid rule.Abbas II'Abu’l Muzaffar Shah Abbas II al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur Khan30 August 1632Qazvin/Isfahan, Iran15 May 1642 – 26 October 166626 October 1666 (aged 34)Khosrowabad, near Damghan, IranIn 1643 Rostam Khan and in 1644 the Bakhtiari tribes revolted, but both revolts were suppressed by Saru Taqi. On February 22, 1649, Kandahar was re-occupied by the Safavids. The city remained part of the Safavid kingdom until the fall of Isfahan. The Iran-Russia Wars (1651–1653) took place, neither side gained complete supremacy. However, after this period of wars, Safavids influence in the northern parts of the Caucasus was strengthened.Suleiman/Safi II/'Abu’l Muzaffar Shah Suleiman al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur KhanFebruary/March 1648 or 1647?1 November 1666 – 29 July 169429 July 1694(aged 46)Isfahan, IranHe was crowned twice, first crowned by name of Safi II on November 1, 1666, and second crowned by name of Shah Suleiman on March 20, 1668. During his first coronation, tribes east of the Caspian Sea revolted, including the Cossacks, who invaded Iran by sea and burned the city of Farahabad, killing people and occupying part of the country. Government administration by Prime Minister Shaykh Ali Khan Zanganeh and increasing the influence of pilgrims and women of the shrine. Increasing ties with European governments and many constructions in the country, including the construction of Hasht Behesht.Hussain'Abu’l Muzaffar Shah Sultan Husayn al-Husayni al-Musavi al-Safavi Bahadur KhanOctober 1668?6 August 1694 – 21 October 17229 September 1727 (aged 59)Isfahan, IranIncreasing the influence of Shiite clerics such as Allameh Majlisi and being too strict with other religions. Insurgency of Afghans (Ghaljai and Abdali), Baluchis, Kurds and Lezgi tribes throughout Iran. Mahmud Afghan invaded in 1720 to overthrow the central government The fall of Kerman province in 1721. Sending Tahmasp Mirza to Qazvin and Safi Mirza to Kermanshah before the fall of the capital to help the central government. Siege of Isfahan from March 8, 1722, by Mahmud Afghan, surrender of the throne in October 1722 to Mahmud Afghan and the fall of the Safavid dynasty. He was executed by order of Ashraf Afghan on November 15, 1726.

See also Safavid dynasty family tree List of mothers of the Safavid shahs

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