National Council (Monaco)

The National Council (; ) is the unicameral parliament (legislative body) of the Principality of Monaco. Formed in 1911 after the Monégasque Revolution, the National Council initially had 12 members, increased to 18 in 1962 and 24 members since 2002, who are elected from lists by universal suffrage. The National Council is chaired by a president, who was initially appointed by the sovereign prince but has been elected by the National Council members since the year 1962. The current president of the National Council is Thomas Brezzo.

History The Monégasque Revolution of 1910 was a series of confrontations by the subjects of Monaco against their ruler, Prince Albert I. On 28 March 1910, Prince Albert I agreed to hold elections by universal suffrage for a parliament. This led to the end of absolute monarchy with the promulgation of the Constitution of Monaco on 7 January 1911. Elections were held for 12 members, with Prince Albert I retaining the right to appoint parliament's president. The inaugural meeting of the new parliament was on 3 May 1911.

The constitution was overhauled in 1962, which gave the National Council more power (including to elect the president of the chamber) and increased its membership to 18. Further changes were made to the constitution in 2002, further increasing the responsibility of the National Council and increasing its membership to 24.

Description The body is composed of twenty-four members, who are elected from lists by universal suffrage. Of those, 16 seats are assigned from a majority list and 8 seats are filled proportionally from lists that obtain more than 5% of the votes. Councillors serve for five-year terms, and though it may act independently of the Prince when debating legislation or the State Budget, the Prince shares mutual power between himself and the National Council. He may dissolve it at any time, provided that new elections be held within three months. To be eligible to vote, people must be at least 25 years old and hold citizenship.

The Council meets at least twice per year to vote on the country's budget and bills proposed by the prince's government. Ordinances (executive orders) are debated in the Council of Government, and once approved, must be submitted to the Prince within eighty days for his signature, which makes them legally enforceable. If he does not express opposition within ten days of submission, they become valid.

Committees

Finance and National Economy Commission Commission on Social Interests and Miscellaneous Affairs Legislation Commission Foreign Relations Commission Education, Youth and Sports Commission Housing Commission Commission on Women's Rights, Family and Equality Culture and Heritage Commission Environment and Quality of Life Commission Digital Development Commission Commission for Monitoring Negotiations with the European Union Commission for Monitoring the Constitutional Reserve Fund and Modernisation of Public Accounts Commission for the Amendment of the Rules of Procedure

Leadership

Presidents President Party Term Elected Eugène Marquet 1911–1914 1911 Eugène Marquet en Conseil National Dissolved by: Albert IEugène Marquet 1918–1928 19181921 Eugène Marquet en Conseil National Jean Marsan 1929 1929 Jean Marsan en Conseil NationalEugène Marquet 1930 Eugène Marquet en Conseil National Dissolved by: Louis IIHenri Settimo 1933–1944 1933 Henri Settimo en Conseil National Charles Bellando 1944–1950 1946 Charles Bellando en Conseil National 1950–1954 1950 Louis Aureglia en Conseil National Joseph Simon 1954–1955 Joseph Simon en Conseil National Louis Aureglia-Cima 1955–1958 1955 Louis Aureglia en Conseil National Joseph Simon National Union of Independents1958–1959 1958 Joseph Simon en Conseil National Dissolved by: Rainier IIIJoseph Simon National and Democratic Union1962–1968 1963 Joseph Simon en Conseil National August Médecin National and Democratic Union1968–1978 19681973 August Medecin en Conseil National National and Democratic Union1978–1993 197819831988 Jean-Charles Rey en Conseil National Jean-Louis Campora National and Democratic Union1993–2003 19931998 Jean-Louis Campora en Conseil National Stéphane Valeri Union for the Principality2003–2010 20032008 Stéphane Valeri en Conseil NationalJean-François Robillon Union Monégasque2010–2013 Jean-François Robillon en Conseil National Laurent Nouvion Rally & Issues2013–2016 2013 Laurent Nouvion en Conseil National Christophe Steiner Horizon Monaco2016–2018 Stéphane Valeri Priorité Monaco2018–2022 2018 Brigitte Boccone-Pagès Priorité Monaco2022–2024 2023 Thomas Brezzo Priorité Monaco2024– Vice Presidents Jean Marsan (1911, 1918, 1922) Roger-Félix Médecin (c. 1950–1952) Auguste Médecin (1952–1968) Jean Notari (1968–1978) Pierre Crovetto (1979–1993) Jean-Joseph Pastor (1993–2003) Claude Boisson (2003–2006) Bernard Marquet (2006–2010) Fabrice Notari (2010–2013) Christophe Steiner (2013–2016) Marc Burini (2016–2018) Brigitte Boccone-Pagès (2018–2022) Balthazar Seydoux (2022–2023) Jean-Louis Grinda (2023–present) Majority leaders Joseph Simon (1963–1968) August Médecin (1968–1978) Jean-Charles Rey (1978–1993) Jean-Louis Campora (1993–2003) Stéphane Valeri (2003–2013) Laurent Nouvion (2013–2018) Stéphane Valeri (2018–2023) Brigitte Boccone-Pagès (2023–present)

Opposition leaders Charles Soccal (1963–1968) Jean-Eugène Lorenzi (1973–1978) Jean-Louis Médecin (1993–1998) Stéphane Valeri (1998–2003) Jean-Louis Campora (2003–2008) Laurent Nouvion (2008–2013) Jean-François Robillon (2013–2018) Béatrice Fresko-Rolfo (2018–2023) Laurent Nouvion (2023–present)

National Council (Monaco)

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