Bashkirov () is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Bashkirova. Notable people with the surname include:
Andrei Bashkirov (born 1970), Russian ice hockey player Dmitri Bashkirov (1931–2021), Russian pianist and educator Elena Bashkirova (born 1958), Russian-born pianist and musical director, daughter of Dmitri Ruslan Bashkirov (born 1989), Russian ice hockey player Sergey Bashkirov (born 1971), Russian painter Yevgeni Bashkirov (born 1991), Russian football player