Harold Armytage Sanders, F.R.P.S. (24 May 1867 – 4 September 1940) also known by the full name Harold Armytage Thomas Sanders, was the father of World War I photographer Henry Armytage Bradley Sanders of New Zealand fame. As an optician he worked for W. Watson and Son. He went into business with Crowhurst with the business named Sanders and Crowhurst, and then was in business by himself as Sanders and Company.

Life and times

In 1881, Sanders at the age of 13 went to work for W. Watson and Son, a company that manufactured cameras and optical equipment. Harry Arthur Crowhurst also worked at Watson & Sons. In 1900, Sanders and Crowhurst decided to form their own business and they left the employ of Watson & Sons and formed Sanders & Crowhurst, as proprietors of a photographic equipment and lantern supply business. At Sanders & Crowhurst, the team were agents for the W. Watson and Son company. The partnership was dissolved in 1908.Editor. (27 October 1908). H.A. Sanders dissolves partnership with H.A. Crowhurst. The London Gazette. Sanders continued in business as an optician at Sanders & Co. until 1910 when he filed for bankruptcy.Editor. (13 May 1910). Notice of bankruptcy by Sanders & Co. The London Gazette.

In 1885, Sanders married Louise Augusta Watkins at Southwark St Saviour, London, England.

In 1891, the Census recorded the Sanders family as Harold A. Sanders, age 24, wife Louisa A., age 23, and 3 sons, Henry A.B., age 4, Victor H.F., age 2, and Harold D., age 1. Occupation listed was opticians assistant. The family resided at 74 Leighton Road, Pancras, London in the St. Pancras parish of Kentish Town.England and Wales Census, 1891. Database with images. FamilySearch. Harold A Sanders. St Pancras, London, England. 1891 England, Scotland and Wales census. Database and images. Citing PRO RG 12. London county, subdistrict. The National Archives of the UK. Kew, Surrey.

In 1899, Harold Armytage Thomas Sanders and Louise Augusta Sanders were granted a divorce.Editor. (1899). Divorce Court File: 560. Appellant: Harold Armytage Thomas Sanders. Respondent: Louise Augusta Sanders. Type: Husband's petition. The National Archives. Reference: J 77/676/560. Kew, England. On 4 September 1940, Sanders, age 73 died at Hampstead, London, England.

Acting career In January 1920, Sanders was in the theatrical production as an extra in the play by Anton Chekhov, "On the High Road" at St Martin's Theatre. Edith Craig was responsible for production. In June 1920, Sanders was in the theatrical production as an extra in the play by Staint-Georges de Bouhélier, "The Children's Carnival" (Le Carnaval des enfants) at Kingsway Theatre. Edith Craig was responsible for production.Wearing, J.P. (2014). Productions 1920s The London Stage 1920–1929: A Calendar of Productions, Performers, and Personnel. Rowman & Littlefield.Wearing, J.P. (2014). The London Stage 1890–1959: Accumulated Indexes. Rowman & Littlefield.

On 22 July 1928, Harold Armytage Sanders wrote a letter address to Miss Craig, (Edith Craig) at The Cottage, Bigwood Road, Hampstead Garden Suburb NW11 regarding the death of Ellen Terry. Ellen Terry had died on 21 July 1928. The correspondence was a handwritten and signed 2-page letter of condolence on the death of Ellen Terry, and an apology that he could not attend the memorial service.Editor. (14 August 2008). Letter to Edith Craig from Harold Armytage Sanders. Document ID: EC-AZ3,215. The Ellen Terry and Edith Craig Archives Database. The National Trust. Smallhythe Place. Tenterden, Kent, UK.

Films

In Birdland In 1907, Sanders teamed with natural history photographer and filmmaker Oliver Gregory Pike for the pioneering nature film production, In Birdland. The film was the first British wildlife film to be screened to a paying audience. In August 1907, In Birdland premiered at London's Palace Theatre of Varieties. The initial screening of the film was so successful, an additional 100 copies were made. Due to the popularity and demand, this would allow the film to be screened in cinemas throughout the United Kingdom. Unfortunately, none of the copies remain to this day as they were either subsequently lost or destroyed.Editor. (2015). Sanders & Crowhurst. History Librarium. Historic Camera.Editor. (2015). In Birdland. Wild Film History. Wildscreen. Bristol. United Kingdom. The photographic team of Pike and Sanders employed groundbreaking techniques and jeopardised themselves as they took their cameras over coastal cliffs and dangled from ropes to capture a glimpse into the environment of Great Britain's seabirds. The rarely captured or seen film footage introduced the viewing audience into the intimate lives of kittiwakes, gannets, cormorants and puffins.

Guillemots Guillemots. (1907) Filmmakers: Oliver Pike and H. Armytage Sanders.Petterson, Palle B. (6 July 2011). Cameras into the Wild: A History of Early Wildlife and Expedition Filmmaking, 1895–1928. McFarland. Jefferson, North Carolina.

Photographic exhibits For several year, Sanders regularly displayed his photographic works at the Annual Exhibitions of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain.Brown, Stephen. (2008). Records for H. Armytage Sanders. Catalogue records from the annual exhibitions. Exhibitions of the Royal Photographic Society 1870–1915. De Montfort University. In 1907, the Exhibition Catalogue entry for Sanders & Crowhurst, located at 71, Shaftesbury Avenue, London, W., and 55, Western Road, Hove, Brighton included a listing for the current offerings.Editor-Camera. (1907). Sanders & Crowhurst. Photographic Apparatus and Material. Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. The Photographic Journal. Volume 31. These included:

The explanation that follows describes the notations after each exhibit listing, and is taken from the Exhibition Catalogue.Editor-HAS. (1907). H. Armitage Sanders. Scientific and Technical Photography and its Application to Processes of Reproduction. Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. The Photographic Journal. Volume 31.

1907 exhibit 1907 Fifty-second Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain.Editor. (1907). H. Armytage Sanders. Scientific and Technical Photographs. Catalogue page 21-22 from the Exhibition Catalogue. 1907 Fifty-second Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. 334. Gannet and young on nest. O. 15/- 335. Young Gannet (in down). O. 15/- 336. Female Gannet returning to nest, distinctly showing method of alighting. O. 15/- 337. Gannet and young on nest (taken ... with single combination of Dagor Series III. lens, camera extension 18 inches). O. 15/- 342. Sea Birds. (A selection of bromide prints from film negatives taken by the cinematograph. Oliver G. Pike and H. Armytage Sanders.

1909 exhibit 1909 Fifty-fourth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain.Editor. (1909). H. Armytage Sanders. Scientific and Technical Photographs. Catalogue page 17-18 from the Exhibition Catalogue. 1909 Fifty-fourth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. 311. reed bunting Cock, feeding young (enlargement untouched). 315. Reed Bunting hen and young (enlargement untouched). 318. Reed Bunting.

1911 exhibit 1911 Fifty-sixth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain.Editor. (1911). H. Armytage Sanders. Scientific and Technical Photographs. Catalogue page 36 from the Exhibition Catalogue. 1911 Fifty-sixth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. 562. Cormorants on Nests.

1913 exhibit 1913 Fifty-eighth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain.Editor. (1913). H. Armytage Sanders. Scientific and Technical Photographs. Catalogue page 33 from the Exhibition Catalogue. 1913 Fifty-eighth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. 646. Young Kestrels, 23 days old. They do not leave the nest until from 28 to 30 days old and by then nearly all traces of nestling down have disappeared. In the photograph the nestling down is still plentiful. 647. king vulture with wings spread.

1914 exhibit 1914 Fifty-ninth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain.Editor. (1914). H. Armytage Sanders. Scientific and Technical Photographs. Catalogue page 24 from the Exhibition Catalogue. 1914 Fifty-ninth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. 476. Study of sedge warbler.

1915 exhibit 1915 Sixtieth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain.Editor. (1915). H. Armytage Sanders. Scientific and Technical Photographs. Catalogue page 21 from the Exhibition Catalogue. 1915 Sixtieth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. 299. king vulture. 300. Wren at entrance to nest.

Use of Birdland camera

In the spring of 1914, Maud Doria Haviland during her travels on the Yenesei River in Russia, used a "Birdland" quarter-plate reflex camera with a 14-inch focal length lens that was built by H. Armytage Sanders of London.Vaughan, Richard. (2010). A Woman Takes the Field. Britons in the Russian and Siberian Artic, 1850–1914. In Search of Arctic Birds. London: A & C Black.Haviland, Maud Doria. (1915). A Summer on the Yenesei: 1914. Ayer Publishing.

Awards and honours Royal Photographic Society, member, 1902 Royal Photographic Society, fellow, 1907 F.R.P.S.Editor. (1907). H. Armitage Sanders elected Fellow. Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. The Photographic Journal. Volume 31.

Publications Environment.Sanders, H. Armytage. (November 1896) Environment. The Optical Magic Lantern Journal. (7): 90. The decline of dissolving views.Sanders, H. Armytage. (April 1900). The decline of dissolving views. The Optical Magic Lantern Journal. (11): 131.

References