The Sassanid Empire or Sassanian Dynasty is the name used for the Persian dynasty which lasted from 224 to 651 AD.
224 – Ardashir I introduces the title Šāhanšāh (king of kings); the Sasanid reign is founded. c. 224–240 – Zoroastrianism belief experiences an era of recovery under the reign of Ardashir I. 230 – The Sassanian army assaults the Roman-controlled fraction of Upper Mesopotamia and lays hands on Nisibis, but fails to capture it. 237–238 – Ardashir I begins another rushes on the Eastern Roman Provinces and occupies Harran and Nisibis. 241 – Coronation of Shapur I. c. 242–273 – Mani makes a journey in Persia. 252–256 – Shapur I moves forward to the Eastern Roman Provinces. c. 259 – Defeat and capture of Valerian by Shapur I. c. 260 – 2nd foray of the Eastern Roman Provinces by Shapur I. c. 261 – Odaenathus, the ruler of Palmyra, stops the triumphant Persian troops coming back home following the looting of Antioch, scores a notable victory while Shapur is absent and drives the Persians back across the Euphrates. He fails to take Ctesiphon and the Persians are victorious. 271 – Coronation of Hormizd I. 273 – Coronation of Bahram I. 274 or 277 – The execution of Mani by influential Zoroastrian high priest Kartir. 276 – Coronation of Bahram II.
276 – The Kartir is chosen as extreme power of the Zoroastrian place of worship and victimizes the supporters of other believes; his engravings at Ka'ba-ye Zartosht, Naqsh-e Rajab, and Sar Mashhad (south of Kazerun) declare to prove his principles. 283 – Roman Emperor Carus seizes Mesopotamia and catches Ctesiphon, but his troops comes back his unexpected passing. 286 – Tiridates takes the Armenian throne and the Persians are discharged from there. 293 – Narseh overwhelms his competitors and triumphs to the Persian throne.
c. 294 – Narseh’s Paikuli inscription in Iraq next to the Persian frontier. 296 – Narseh raids Armenia, expels Tiridates, and quells the Romans. 297- Roman Emperor Galerius undoes Narseh. The Treaty of Nisibis compels Narseh to abandon Armenia and Mesopotamia. c. 301 – The realm of Armenia is the first nation to accept Christianity as the state religion. 302 – Resignation of Narseh; Coronation of Hormizd II. 309 – Coronation of Shapur II. 325 – Shapur II falls upon Arab people and makes impregnable the empire’s frontiers. 338 – Shapur II retrieves the five regions gave in by Narseh to Rome. 348 – Shapur II seizes Mesopotamia. c. 360 – Fondation of the Kidarite kingdom. 363 – War between Julian and Persian troops follows his back off and demise; the surrendered territories and Nisibis are brought back to Persia. 376 – The armistice signed by Rome and Persia. 379 – Death of Shapur II and the accession of Ardashir II. 383 – Coronation of Shapur III. 399 – Coronation of Yazdegerd I, titled “the Sinner” owing to his efforts to control the influence of Zoroastrian clergy and his leniency towards other believes. 409 – Christian are allowed to publicly worship and to construct churches.409 – Christian are permitted to publicly worship and to build churches thenagain.info
420 – Coronation of Bahram V (Bahram Gūr). 421 – Peace between Persia and Rome comes to an end. 422 – Bahram V triumphs in driving off an assault by the Hephthalites. c. 425 – Bahram V brings in gypsies from India to amuse people according to the Shahnameh. 428 – Dissolution of Arsacid dynasty of Armenia. Establishment of Persian Armenia. 438 – Coronation of Yazdegerd II. 451 – Battle of Avarayr fought against the Christian Armenian rebels led by Vardan Mamikonian. 457 – Coronation of Hormizd III. 459 – Coronation of Peroz I. 484 – Hephthalite Empire conquer Peroz I. 484 – Coronation of Balash. The Nvarsak Treaty grants the Armenians the right to profess Christianity freely. 488 – Coronation of Kavadh I; expedition against Khazars. c. 490 – Mazdak teaches his egalitarian ideology with the benefit of Kavadh I’s support. c. 490 – Initiation of agrarian and tax reforms. 496 – Kavadh I is dethroned by his brother Djamasp. 499 – Return of Kavadh I with support of Hephthalites. 524 – War between Byzantine Empire and Sassanid Empire. 526 – Romans assault Persia, Armenia, and Mesopotamia, however they are beaten. Start of the Iberian War.
531 – Coronation of Khosrow I. c. 531 – Slaughter and crackdown of the Mazdak's followers. c. 531 – Farming, governmental, military, communal reforms. c. 531 – Conversion of Panchatantra, a Sanskrit-written book-story to Middle Persian. 533 – End of conflict between Persia and Byzantine Empire (the one that started in 524). 541 – Lazic War commences between the Byzantines and the Sassanids for control over Lazica. c. 554 – Procopius, Byzantine expert and observer to the battles between Khosrow I and Justinian I, which he writes in his De bello Persico (Latin tr., 1833), dies.
c. 570 – Conquest of Yemen. 579 – Death of Khosrow I and the Coronation of Hormizd IV. 580 – Sassanids abolish the monarchy of the Kingdom of Iberia. Direct control through self-appointed governors commences. 588 – First Perso-Turkic War (with Göktürks) and their defeat at the hands of the Parthian general Bahrām Chobin. 590 – Hormizd IV is assassinated; Coronation of Khosrow II. 590 – Uprising of Bahrām Chobin and his seizure of the Persian throne. 591 – Overwhelming of Bahrām Chobin; he escapes to the Turks in Central Asia but is killed after a year. Khosrow II regains the throne with the help of the Byzantine Emperor Maurice. 602 – Mutiny against the Emperor Maurice led by Phocas. Climactic Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 commences. 603 – Khosrow II’s invasion of Byzantium in revenge for the murder of Emperor Maurice and his relatives by the tyrant Phocas. 614 – Conquest of Jerusalem by Persian Shahanshah Khosrow II and Parthian general Shahrbaraz; relics of the True Cross are carried off to Ctesiphon, capital of the Sasanian Empire. 615 – Conquest of Asia Minor by Parthian general Shahin 618 – Conquest of Egypt by Parthian general Shahrbaraz 622 – Heraclius mounts a counter-offensive against the Sasanians. 626 – The Sassanids alongside the allied Avars and Slavs besiege the Byzantine capital, Constantinople 627 – Heraclius defeats the troops of the Sasanian Empire near Nineveh. 628 – Deposition, trial, and execution of Khosrow II by his son and successor Kavadh II (Shīrūya); peace concluded with Byzantine Empire. 628 – Murdering of many Sasanian princes by Kavadh II. 628 – Kavadh II dies. 628–635 – Weakening of the Sasanian dynasty due to a succession of ineffectual kings and queens including the queens Boran and Azarmidokht; chaotic situation prevails.
632 – Pond of Khumm event. 632 – The Prophet Moḥammad dies; there ensues a dispute over his succession. 632–634 – Abu Bakr’s caliphate. 633 – Yazdegerd III succeeds to the Persian throne. 634 – Umar elected caliph; he plans a successful invasion of Byzantine and Persian (Sasanian) lands. 634 – Persian victory over the Muslims at the Battle of the Bridge; Bahman Jadhuyah and Jalinus annihilate Arab force 635 – Arabs capture Damascus. 635–641 – Arab troops capture Jerusalem, Antioch, Tripoli, and Egypt. 636 – Persians are beaten by Arab Muslims at Qādisiyyah. 637 – Arab Muslims capture Ctesiphon, the Sasanian capital; Yazdegerd III escapes to Ray. 637 – Arab Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia. 642 – Final defeat of Persians by Arab Muslims at Nehavand. 644 – Umar (Muslim caliph) is assassinated by Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz, a Persian captive slave. 644–656 – Uthman’s caliphate. 651 – Murder of Yazdegerd III; end of the Sasanian dynasty; Persia is annexed to the Rashidun Caliphate (Islamic Empire).
See also Timeline of Roman history
References CHRONOLOGY OF IRANIAN HISTORY PART 1 iranicaonline.org 1 November 2015