Jeschke is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alvin Jeschke, Czechoslovak canoeist Andreas Jeschke (born 1966), German footballer and manager Karl Jeschke (1890–?), German SS officer Marta Jeschke (born 1986), Polish sprinter Norman Jeschke (born 1979), German pair skater Sabina Jeschke (born 1968), German scientist Wolfgang Jeschke (1936–2015), German writer