The following railroads currently or formerly operated in the U.S. state of New York.
Common freight carriers Albany Port Railroad (APD) (Port of Albany) Arcade and Attica Railroad (ARA) B&H Rail Corporation (BH) (Owned by Livonia, Avon and Lakeville Railroad) Berkshire and Eastern Railroad (B&E) operated by Genesee & Wyoming on tracks owned by Pan Am Southern (PAS) after CSX and Norfolk Southern acquired it in 2022. Buffalo Southern Railroad (BSOR) Canadian National Railway (CN) Canadian Pacific Kansas City (CPKC) including Canadian Pacific (CPR) and subsidiary Delaware and Hudson Railway (DH) Central New York Railroad (CNYK) (operated by New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway) Clarendon and Pittsford Railroad (CLP) (owned by Vermont Railway) Conrail Shared Assets Operations (CSAO) (jointly owned by CSX Transportation and Norfolk Southern Railway, it operates the western portion of the North Shore Branch of the Staten Island Railroad (SIR) CSX Transportation (CSXT) Depew, Lancaster and Western Railroad (DLWR) (Genesee Valley Transportation) Falls Road Railroad (FRR) (Genesee Valley Transportation) Finger Lakes Railway (FGLK) Frontier Rail (FRRX) Housatonic Railroad (HRRC) Ithaca Central Railroad (ITHR) (Watco Companies) Livonia, Avon and Lakeville Railroad (LAL) Lowville and Beaver River Railroad (LBR) (out of service) Massena Terminal Railroad (MSTR) (Genesee and Wyoming Railroad) Middletown and New Jersey Railroad (MNJ) (Regional Rail) Mohawk, Adirondack and Northern Railroad (MHWA) (Genesee Valley Transportation) New York and Atlantic Railway (NYA) (Anacostia Rail Holdings) New York and Lake Erie Railroad (NYLE) New York New Jersey Rail, LLC (NYNJ) New York and Ogdensburg Railway (NYOG) (Owned by Vermont Railway) New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway (NYSW) Norfolk Southern Railway (NS) Ontario Central Railroad (ONCT) (Operated by Finger Lakes Railway) Ontario Midland Railroad (OMID) Owego and Harford Railway (OHRY) Providence and Worcester Railroad (PW) (Genesee and Wyoming) Rochester and Southern Railroad (RSR) (Genesee and Wyoming) SMS Rail Lines of New York (SNY) (Owned by SMS Rail Lines) Somerset Railroad (SOM) (Operated by CSX Transportation) South Buffalo Railway (SB) Vermont Railway (VTR) Wellsboro and Corning Railroad (WCOR) (Genesee and Wyoming) Western New York and Pennsylvania Railroad (WNYP) (Owned by Livonia, Avon and Lakeville Railroad)
Private carriers Kodak Park Railroad (Operated by Rochester Switching Services) Port Liberty New York ExpressRail South Brooklyn Railway (SBK) (owned by NYC Transit and is only used for delivery of new subway rolling stock)
Passenger carriers
Amtrak (AMTK) (high-speed rail, intercity rail, and long-distance rail)
Commuter rail Long Island Rail Road (LI) (commuter rail) Metro-North Railroad (MNCW) (commuter rail) New Jersey Transit Rail Operations (NJTR) (commuter rail)
Rapid transit AirTrain JFK (people mover) Buffalo Metro Rail (light rail metro) New York City Subway (rapid transit/heavy rail) Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) (rapid transit/heavy rail) Staten Island Railway (SIR) (heavy rail/commuter rail/rapid transit)
Heritage railroad Adirondack Scenic Railroad (ADIX) (tourist railway/ heritage railroad) Arcade and Attica Railroad (ARA) (seasonally runs tourist trains; mostly a freight carrier) Catskill Mountain Railroad (CMRR) (heritage railroad) Cooperstown and Charlotte Valley Railroad (CACV) (heritage railroad) Delaware and Ulster Railroad (DURR) (heritage railroad) Medina Railroad Museum (heritage railroad) New York Museum of Transportation (heritage railroad) New York Transit Museum (operates historical trains throughout the New York City Subway System) Rochester & Genesee Valley Railroad Museum (RGVM) (operating railroad museum) Saratoga Corinth and Hudson Railway (heritage railroad) Tioga Central Railroad (heritage railroad) Trolley Museum of New York (heritage light rail) Upper Hudson River Railroad (heritage railroad)
Defunct railroads