The following lists events that happened during 1955 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Incumbents First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Nikita Khrushchev Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union – Kliment Voroshilov Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union – Georgy Malenkov (until 8 February), Nikolai Bulganin (starting 8 February)
Events February 27 February 1955 Estonian Supreme Soviet election 1955 Soviet Union regional elections
May 14 May – Warsaw Pact
June 2 June – Belgrade declaration
November 15 November – Władysław Gomułka initiates talks about the Repatriation of Poles (1955–59). 22 November – The first Soviet hydrogen bomb, RDS-37, is tested. 30 November – The 1st Soviet Antarctic Expedition begins.
December 31 December – The Pospelov Commission is set up.
Births 1 January – Gennady Lyachin, Russian submarine captain (d. 2000) 29 January – Zebiniso Rustamova, archer 10 February – Oksana Shvets, Ukrainian actress (d. 2022)Oksana Shvets, famed Ukrainian actress, killed in Russian missile strike 22 March – Valdis Zatlers, President of Latvia 16 May – Olga Korbut, Belorussian Olympic gymnast 11 June – Yuriy Sedykh, Ukrainian hammer thrower (d. 2021) 1 July – Nikolai Demidenko, pianist 7 August – Vladimir Sorokin, writer 7 September – Efim Zelmanov, mathematician 13 October – Sergei Shepelev, ice hockey player
Deaths 6 January – Yevgeny Tarle, historian (born 1874) 19 March – Leonid Govorov, military commander (born 1897) 30 September – Michael Chekhov, actor (born 1891)
See also 1955 in fine arts of the Soviet Union List of Soviet films of 1955
References