In the Russian Empire, a colony () was a type of settlement, typically agricultural, created under government encouragement in sparsely populated territories. Most commonly they were created by foreigners invited to resettle to RussiaBartlett R. P. Human Capital: The Settlement of Foreigners in Russia 1762–1804. Cambridge, 1979Brandes D. Von den Zaren adoptiert: Die deutschen Kolonisten und Balkansiedler in Neurussland und Bessarabien 1751–1914. München, 1993. but there were also efforts to create Jewish colonies for resettling Jews from other areas within the Pale of settlement. The settlers were called colonists ().
For example, this was done in newly acquired lands, such as Novorossiya and Bessarabia.
See also Military settlement Volga Germans Slavo-Serbia New Serbia Jewish agricultural colonies of Bessarabia
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