Ichioka (written: 一岡/市岡) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ryuji Ichioka (born 1991), Japanese baseball player Sarah Ichioka, British-American writer Toshiye Ichioka (1912–1995), American actress better known as Toshia Mori Yuji Ichioka (1936–2002), American historian and activist
See also , a train station in Niimi, Okayama Prefecture, Japan