Lithuania competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. This was the nation's seventh consecutive appearance at the Games in the post-Soviet era and ninth overall in Summer Olympic history.

The National Olympic Committee of Lithuania () fielded a team of 67 athletes, 48 men and 19 women, across 15 sports at the Games. It was the nation's second-largest delegation sent to the Olympics, just four athletes short of the record achieved in Beijing 2008 (71). As usual, the men's basketball was the only team-based sport in which Lithuania qualified for the Games. Lithuania marked its Olympic debut in tennis and women's judo, as well as its return to weightlifting after missing out of the previous Games.

The Lithuanian squad featured three Olympic medalists from London 2012, namely light welterweight boxer Evaldas Petrauskas, breaststroke swimmer and world record holder Rūta Meilutytė, and defending champion Laura Asadauskaitė in the women's modern pentathlon. Track cyclist Simona Krupeckaitė topped the list of experienced Lithuanian athletes to make her fourth Olympic appearance, while Laser Radial sailor and Beijing 2008 silver medalist Gintarė Scheidt was selected to lead the Lithuanian delegation as the flag bearer in the opening ceremony at her third Games, a historic first by a female in the nation's Olympic history. Other notable Lithuanian athletes included NBA players Jonas Valančiūnas and Domantas Sabonis (son of basketball legend and three-time Olympian Arvydas Sabonis), multiple-time European rowing medalist Mindaugas Griškonis, and swimming stalwarts Simonas Bilis and Giedrius Titenis.

Lithuania left Rio de Janeiro with four medals (one silver and three bronze), failing to collect a gold for the third time in its Olympic history. Three of these medals were awarded to the Lithuanian team in weightlifting and rowing for the first time in 16 years, including a silver-medal feat from Griskonis and his new partner Saulius Ritter in the men's double sculls. Meanwhile, Aurimas Lankas and Edvinas Ramanauskas continued to add canoeing medals for Lithuania with a bronze in the men's K-2 200 m, following Jevgenijus Šuklinas' runner-up finish at London 2012. Once again, the men's basketball squad failed to reach the medal rounds for the second straight time, losing to Australia in the quarterfinals.

Medalists

| style="text-align:left; width:78%; vertical-align:top;"| Medal Name Sport Event Date Rowing Men's double sculls Rowing Women's double sculls Weightlifting Men's 94 kg Canoeing Men's K-2 200 m | style="text-align:left; width:22%; vertical-align:top;"|

Medals by sportSport TotalRowing 0 1 1 2Weightlifting 0 0 1 1Canoeing 0 0 1 1Total 0 1 3 4

Medals by genderGender TotalMale0123Female0011Total0134

Competitors SportMenWomenTotalAthletics 7 9 16Basketball 12 0 12Boxing 2 0 2Canoeing 6 0 6Cycling 2 2 4Gymnastics 1 0 1Judo 0 1 1Modern pentathlon 1 2 3Rowing 7 3 10Sailing 1 1 2Shooting 1 0 1Swimming 5 1 6Tennis 1 0 1Weightlifting 1 0 1Wrestling 1 0 1 Total 48 19 67

Athletics

Lithuanian athletes have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event):

Track & road events Men AthleteEventFinalResultRankValdas DopolskasMarathon2:28:21111Remigijus Kančys2:21:1075Arturas Mastianica50 km walkMarius Šavelskis20 km walk1:29:2659Tadas Šuškevičius50 km walk4:04:1033Marius Žiūkas20 km walk1:22:27 SB26

Women AthleteEventHeatSemifinalFinalResultRankResultRankResultRankNeringa Aidietytė20 km walkcolspan=4 Eglė Balčiūnaitė800 m2:02.98 SB6Did not advanceRasa DrazdauskaitėMarathoncolspan=4 2:35:5037Diana Lobačevskėcolspan=4 2:30:4817Živilė Vaiciukevičiūtė20 km walkcolspan=4 1:41:2856Brigita Virbalytė-Dimšienėcolspan=4 1:35:1129Vaida ŽūsinaitėMarathoncolspan=4 2:35:5338

Field events AthleteEventQualificationFinalDistancePositionDistancePositionAndrius GudžiusMen's discus throw65.18 SB4 q60.6612Airinė PalšytėWomen's high jump1.9411 Q1.8813Zinaida SendriūtėWomen's discus throw60.7911 q61.89 SB10

Basketball

Men's tournament

The Lithuanian men's basketball team qualified for the Olympics by attaining a top two finish after the final match of the EuroBasket 2015 in France.

Team roster

Group play

Quarterfinal

Boxing

Lithuania has entered two boxers to compete in each of the following weight classes into the Olympic boxing tournament. London 2012 bronze medalist Evaldas Petrauskas and European champion Eimantas Stanionis had claimed their Olympic spots at the 2016 European Qualification Tournament in Samsun, Turkey.

AthleteEventRound of 32Round of 16QuarterfinalsSemifinalsFinalOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultRankEvaldas PetrauskasMen's light welterweightL 1–2Did not advanceEimantas StanionisMen's welterweightW 3–0L 0–3Did not advance

Canoeing

Sprint Lithuanian canoeists have qualified a total of four boats in each of the following distances for the Games through the 2015 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships. The sprint canoeing roster was named to the Olympic squad at the conclusion of the 2016 European Sprint Qualifier in Duisburg, Germany.

AthleteEventHeatsSemifinalsFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankIgnas NavakauskasMen's K-1 200 m35.1444 Q35.1685 FB37.0759Henrikas ŽustautasMen's C-1 200 m40.0482 Q41.1876 FB40.23011Aurimas LankasEdvinas RamanauskasMen's K-2 200 m31.7551 FAcolspan=2 32.382Ričardas NekriošiusAndrej OlijnikMen's K-2 1000 m3:24.2463 Q3:18.5262 FA3:14.7485 Qualification Legend: FA = Qualify to final (medal); FB = Qualify to final B (non-medal)

Cycling

Road Lithuanian riders qualified for a maximum of two quota places in the men's Olympic road race by virtue of their top 15 final national ranking in the 2015 UCI Europe Tour. One additional spot was awarded to the Lithuanian cyclist in the women's road race by virtue of her top 100 individual placement in the 2016 UCI World Rankings.

AthleteEventTimeRankIgnatas KonovalovasMen's road raceRamūnas Navardauskas6:22:2335Daiva TušlaitėWomen's road race3:58:3434

Track Following the completion of the 2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, Lithuania has entered one rider to compete only in both women's sprint and keirin at the Olympics, by virtue of her final individual UCI Olympic rankings in those events.

Sprint AthleteEventQualificationRound 1Repechage 1Round 2Repechage 2QuarterfinalsSemifinalsFinalTimeSpeed (km/h)RankOppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)RankSimona KrupeckaitėWomen's sprint10.97865.58510 QW 11.30863.671LW 11.61461.994L, LDid not advance5th place finalL7

Keirin AthleteEvent1st roundRepechage2nd roundFinalRankRankRankRankSimona KrupeckaitėWomen's keirin2 Q512

Gymnastics

Artistic Lithuania has entered one artistic gymnast into the Olympic competition. Robert Tvorogal had claimed his Olympic spot in the men's apparatus and all-around events at the Olympic Test Event in Rio de Janeiro.

Men AthleteEventQualificationFinalApparatusTotalRankApparatusTotalRankRobert TvorogalAll-around13.86613.36613.46614.11313.50014.16682.49742Did not advance

Judo

Lithuania has qualified one judoka for the women's heavyweight category (+78 kg) at the Games. Santa Pakenytė earned a continental quota spot from the European region as the highest-ranked Lithuanian judoka in the IJF World Ranking List of 30 May 2016.

AthleteEventRound of 32Round of 16QuarterfinalsSemifinalsRepechageFinal / OppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultRankSanta PakenytėWomen's +78 kgL 000–100Did not advance

Modern pentathlon

Lithuania has qualified three modern pentathletes for the following events at the Games. Reigning London 2012 champion Laura Asadauskaitė sought an opportunity to defend her Olympic title in the women's event, after being crowned the 2015 UIPM World Cup champion in Minsk, Belarus. Meanwhile, Justinas Kinderis and Ieva Serapinaitė were ranked among the top 10 modern pentathletes, not yet qualified, in their respective events based on the UIPM World Rankings as of 1 June 2016.

AthleteEventFencing(épée one touch)Swimming(200 m freestyle)Riding(show jumping)Combined: shooting/running(10 m air pistol)/(3200 m)Total pointsFinal rankRankMP pointsTimeRankMP pointsPenaltiesRankMP pointsTimeRankMP PointsJustinas KinderisMen's18–173182112:06.8430320=33011:27.3315613114434Laura AsadauskaitėWomen's19–162112162:21.0128277=31012:01.01 OR1579107230Ieva Serapinaitė15–200261902:14.4310297352626514:29.6835431118328

Rowing

Lithuania has qualified a total of five boats for each of the following classes into the Olympic regatta. Rowers competing in the single and double sculls (both men and women), as well as the men's quadruple sculls, had confirmed Olympic places for their boats at the 2015 FISA World Championships in Lac d'Aiguebelette, France.

Men AthleteEventHeatsRepechageQuarterfinalsSemifinalsFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankArmandas KelmelisSingle sculls7:34.595 R7:13.361 QF7:04.675 SC/D7:20.724 FD7:00.7219Mindaugas GriškonisSaulius RitterDouble sculls6:29.111 SA/Bcolspan=2 colspan=2 6:14.611 FA6:51.39Aurimas AdomavičiusMartynas DžiaugysDominykas JančionisDovydas NemeravičiusQuadruple sculls5:58.705 R5:55.783 FBcolspan=4 6:15.169

Women AthleteEventHeatsRepechageQuarterfinalsSemifinalsFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankLina ŠaltytėSingle sculls8:35.923 QFcolspan=2 7:38.395 SC/D7:55.571 FC7:30.3814Milda ValčiukaitėDonata VištartaitėDouble sculls7:04.821 SA/Bcolspan=2 colspan=2 6:52.462 FA7:43.76 Qualification Legend: FA=Final A (medal); FB=Final B (non-medal); FC=Final C (non-medal); FD=Final D (non-medal); FE=Final E (non-medal); FF=Final F (non-medal); SA/B=Semifinals A/B; SC/D=Semifinals C/D; SE/F=Semifinals E/F; QF=Quarterfinals; R=Repechage

Sailing

Lithuanian sailors have qualified one boat in each of the following classes through the 2014 ISAF Sailing World Championships, the individual fleet Worlds, and European qualifying regattas.

AthleteEventRaceNet pointsFinal rank123456789101112M*Juozas BernotasMen's RS:X19231729DNF1426DNF21UFD2629EL27826Gintarė ScheidtWomen's Laser RadialUFD1881251221411colspan=2 8907 M = Medal race; DNF = Did not finish; UFD = "U" flag disqualification; EL = Eliminated – did not advance into the medal race;

Shooting

Lithuania has received an invitation from ISSF to send Ronaldas Račinskas in the men's skeet to the Olympics, as long as the minimum qualifying score (MQS) was fulfilled by 31 March 2016.

AthleteEventQualificationSemifinalFinalPointsRankPointsRankPointsRankRonaldas RačinskasMen's skeet11230Did not advance Qualification Legend: Q = Qualify for the next round; q = Qualify for the bronze medal (shotgun)

Swimming

Lithuanian swimmers have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the Olympic Qualifying Time (OQT), and potentially 1 at the Olympic Selection Time (OST)):

Men AthleteEventHeatSemifinalFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankSimonas Bilis50 m freestyle22.01 NR14 Q21.71 NR6 Q22.088100 m freestyle49.1630Did not advanceDanas Rapšys100 m backstroke54.4024Did not advance200 m backstroke1:59.5821Did not advanceAndrius Šidlauskas100 m breaststroke1:00.5923Did not advanceGiedrius Titenis100 m breaststroke59.9012 Q59.8010Did not advance200 m breaststroke2:12.1322Did not advanceSimonas BilisDeividas MargevičiusDanas RapšysGiedrius Titenis4 × 100 m medley relay3:35.9014colspan=2 Did not advance

Women AthleteEventHeatSemifinalFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankRūta Meilutytė100 m breaststroke1:06.354 Q1:06.444 Q1:07.327

Tennis