The Government of Trois-Rivières was one of three administrative divisions of the French colony of Canadafrom 1608 to 1763, the territory under the toponym Canada was limited to the valley of the St. Lawrence. It should therefore not be read today's country that stretches from coast to coast. from 1643 to 1764, the other two being the Government of Quebec and Government of Montreal. At the time of the New France, the colony was divided into five individual governments: one in Trois-Rivières, one in Quebec City, one in Montreal, one in Newfoundland and one in Acadia. Each of these regions was known as a government because it was headed by a governor.Marcel Trudel, History of New France, volume 10, The military regime and the disappearance of New France, 1759-1764, Montreal, Fides, 1999, p. 39 (). Marcel Trudel, Introduction to New France, Montreal, Editions Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971, p. 167 () The Government of Trois-Rivières was the smallest of the three governments of the St. Lawrence Valley in both area and population.

History

It does not seem to act promulgating the creation of the three governments of Canada under the French regime (1608–1763). In this, the model here is similar to that of France. At that time, the valley of the St. Lawrence consisted of three population centres: Québec (from 1608), Trois-Rivières (from 1634) and Montreal (from 1642). It then became necessary to create three governments. In Trois-Rivières, the first captain to hold the title of governor Francois Champflour in 1643. Thus appeared the three governments of New France.Many authors reiterate that the three governments were created in 1663. They existed long before 1663 as the governor of Trois-Rivières in 1648 became a member of the Council of Quebec, established in 1647 and on which sat the governors of Quebec and Montreal. See René Beaudoin, "The Origins of the regional capital", in René Beaudoin (eds.), Meet Trois-Rivières, 375 years of history and culture, Trois-Rivières, art Éditions Le Sabord 2009, pages 73-74 ()

At its inception in 1643, the Government of Trois-Rivières had only one permanent establishment, the position of Trois-Rivières. Manors had been granted around (Hertel fief in 1633, Godefroy fief in 1633, lordship Jesuits in 1634The city of Trois-Rivières has many fiefs and lands censive. See Daniel Robert, "Born in Trois-Rivières" trifluvian Heritage, annual Bulletin of history conservation Society and animation heritage Trois-Rivières, Number 7, June 1997, pp. 6-11 (ISSN 1187-2713). See also René Beaudoin " one of the most beautiful places in the country," in René Beaudoin (eds.), Meet Trois-Rivières, 375 years of history and culture, Trois-Rivières, the art Publishing port 2009, pages 75-85 () lordship of La Madeleine in 1636, Godefroy de Lintot fief in 1637, Dutort lordship in 1637, lordship of Batiscan in 1639), while others were projected (fief de l'Arbre à-la-Croix in 1644, Marsolet fief in 1644). Despite several attempts, no one lived in these lordships because of the Iroquois threat, it was not until 1665 with the arrival of the Carignan-Salières Regiment. The center of the Government of Trois-Rivières will begin on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River from Trois-Rivières down to the east, probably for the sole reason that the rest of the country was in a flood zone. Trois-Rivières is the first occupied, followed by Cap-de-la-Madeleine little after 1640, the Champlain from 1664 or 1665, the Batiscan to 1666 and Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade from 1667.

In 1648, the governor of Trois-Rivières became a member of the Council of Quebec, created the previous year. In 1651, the Government of Trois-Rivières has a Seneschal (court), which like back in France, the post of high judge was held by a civil officer called a Lieutenant-General.

The government of Trois-Rivières was maintained by the British during the military regime (1760–1764), with the difference that during this period, each government is autonomous and was not submitted to the Quebec Governor. Each government resorted to a currency of a different course, and required a passport for entry and exit. The two boundaries separating the three governments were a crossing equipped with a garrison: one in Sainte-Anne-de-la-Joliette, between the Governments of Québec and Trois-Rivières, and the other Maskinongé, between governments of Trois-Rivières and Montreal.Marcel Trudel, History of New France, volume 10, the military regime and the disappearance of New France, 1759-1764, Montreal, Fides, 1999, p. 37 ().

The government of Trois-Rivières was abolished on 10 August 1764, when the British replaced the three governments with two districts, one in Quebec and the other Montreal. The Saint-Maurice River marked the division between the two districts.

Territory

The government of Trois-Rivières extended from Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade to Maskinongé on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River, and Saint-Pierre-les-Becquets to Yamaska on the south shore. It was the closest of the three government contracts.

In the north, it extended vaguely to land surrounding the Hudson Bay, and south to New England.Marcel Trudel, The Military Regime in the government of Trois-Rivières 1760-1764, Trois-Rivières, Éditions du Bien Public, 1952, p. 3-5 (Regional History Collection, no. 8)

These limits had not been set at the creation of the government in 1643. The size of the government was expanded for the area of the Trois-Rivières government extending between that of the Government of Quebec and the Government of Montreal.

Its territory corresponds to the current regions of the Mauricie and Centre-du-Québec. It also included the eastern part of the Townships.

Lordships

The Government of Trois-Rivières had up to 51 fiefs and lordships.The list is drawn from Marcel Trudel, The military regime in the government of Trois-Rivières from 1760 to 1764, Trois-Rivières, Publishing Public Good, 1952, p. 4 card (Regional History Collection, no. 8). The list is included in Marcel Trudel, Atlas of New France, Québec, Presses de l'Université Laval, 1973, p. 176, map ().

Thirty-four (34) lordships on the North Shore: 1. Sainte-Anne-East 2. Sainte-Anne-West 3. Sainte-Marie 4. Batiscan 5. Champlain 6. Cap-de-la-Madeleine 7–10. Islands of Saint-Maurice (Island Pigs or Pottery, St. Kitts, St. Joseph Island, Trinidad and Saint-Quentin) 11. Hertel 12. High-Boc 13. Niverville 14 Commune. 15. Coteau St. Louis 16. Sainte-Marguerite 17. Jesuits 18. Vieuxpont 19. Labadie 20. Boucher 21. Tonnancour 22. Saint-Maurice 23. Gastineau 24. Robert 25. Grosbois East 26. Grosbois West 27. Dumontier 28. Grandpre 29. Rivière-du-Loup 30. St. John 31. Maskinongé 32. Carufel 33. Dusablé 34. Lac Maskinongé

Seventeen (17) lordships on the south shore: 35. Yamaska 36. St. Francis 37. Lussaudière 38. Pierreville 39. Deguire 40. Baie-du-Febvre 41. Courval 42. Nicolet 43. Ile Moras 44. Roquetaillade 45. Godefroy 46. Marie Island 47. Bécancour 48. Dutort 49. Cournoyer 50. Gentilly 51. Lévrard

Out of 51 of these lordships, there were only two stately homes on the north shore (Cap-de-la-Madeleine and Niverville), and one on the south shore (Lévrard). As for the manorial mills, there remained only three on the north shore (Commune, Pointe-du-Lac Saint-Jean) and one on the south shore (Gentilly).

Parishes

From 1608 to 1764, these 51 manors, appeared eighteen (18) parishes and two missions.

Eleven (11) parishes on the North Shore:

1. Sainte-Anne 2. Batiscan 3. Sainte-Geneviève 4. Champlain 5. Cap-de-la-Madeleine 6. Trois-Rivières 7. Les Forges 8. Pointe-du-Lac 9. Yamachiche 10. Rivière-du-Loup 11. Maskinongé

Seven (7) parishes and two Native American missions on the south side:

12. Yamaska 13. Saint-François-du-lac 14. Mission St. Francis (current Odanak) 15. Baie-du-Febvre 16. Nicolet 17. Bécancour 18. Mission Bécancour (current Wolinak) 19. Gentilly 20. Saint-Pierre-les-Becquets

Each of these twenty parishes had its church and rectory. There are only two churches dating from the French regime (Cap-de-la-Madeleine 1715 and Recollects Anglicans-1754) and no parsonage. If the buildings no longer exist, there are works of art of this period in Sainte-Anne, Batiscan, Champlain, Cap-de-la-Madeleine, Trois-Rivières, Maskinongé, Saint-François-du-Lac and Gentilly.

Organisation

A series of high and minor officials was appointed to assume the organization of each government. In particular governor (in Quebec, it was the Governor General), and a king's lieutenant to attend a sub-delegated steward (the commissary or the Commissioner of the Navy or the general-voyer or warehouseman), a staff, guards for the governor and main building, with a Court of Justice judge (called a Lieutenant-General, not to be confused with the military rank of the same name), assistant prosecutor, clerk, notary, judge a castle to house the governor and his staff.Marcel Trudel, New France by text, frames of life, Montreal, Éditions Hurtubise HMH, 2003, p. 41 (Les Cahiers du Quebec, QC 134 History Collection) (). Marcel Trudel, Introduction to New France, Montreal, Editions Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971, pages 160-171. () Officers Staff have real rights and honorary rights.Pierre-Georges Roy, Officers Staff governments of Quebec, Montreal and Trois-Rivières: under French rule, Lévis (Québec), sn, 1919, p. 8-9

Governors

To ensure the unity of the colony, individual governors of Trois-Rivières and Montreal were in effect subordinate to the Governor General so that they were, in fact, Lieutenant Governors.Marcel Trudel, History of New-France, Volume 10, the military regime and the disappearance of New France, 1759-1764, Montreal, Fides, 1999, p. 39 ().

The first to hold the title is Governor Francis Champflour in 1643. Those above on the list bore the title of captain.

Lieutenants of the King (Lieutenants de roi)

According to Pierre-Georges Roy, "The King's lieutenants were individual lieutenant-governors. They occupied most of the military part of the troops and fortifications and suppléaient governors in their absence".Pierre-Georges Roy, Officers Staff governments of Quebec, Montreal and Trois-Rivières: under French rule, Lévis (Québec), sn, 1919, pages 7 and 14.

Jacques L'Hermitte, March 10, 1715 François Mariaucheau of Esgly, April 23, 1726 Claude-Michel Begon, February 6, 1731 François de Gannes de Falaise, April 1, 1732 Louis Lienard de Beaujeu, May 31, 1743 Peter Knight of Saint-Ours, February 1748 Michel de Gannes de Falaise, April 1, 1752 Charles Joseph Ailleboust, April 1, 1754 Pierre-Jacques Chavoy Noyan, April 1, 1756 Nicolas-Joseph Levi Coffey, on January 1, 1759

Majors

According to Pierre-Georges Roy, majors " were in charge of the police troops and saw the details of the military administration."Pierre-Georges Roy, Officers Staff governments of Quebec, Montreal and Trois-Rivières: under French rule, Lévis (Québec), sn, 1919, pages 7 and 14-15.

Lambert Boucher de Grandpre, 1692 Louis de la Porte de Louvigny, April 29, 1700 Michel Godefroy de Linctot, April 1, 1702 Raymond Blaise des Bergeres, May 5, 1710 Joseph Dejordy Cabanac, June 18, 1712 Jean-Louis Horn, 12 May 1714 François Mariaucheau of Esgly, January 2, 1716 François Moreau Desjordy Cabanac, May 7, 1720 François de Gannes de Falaise, 11 April 1727 Constant Lemarchand of Lignery, March 16, 1728 Jacques-Charles Renaud Dubuisson, April 1, 1733 François-Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, May 1741 Nicolas-Antoine Coulon de Villiers, February 1748 Nicolas-Joseph Fleurimont Noyelles, June 1754 Charles Sabrevois, on January 1, 1759

Castles of the Governor