The Reverend James Newton Gloucester was an African-American clergyman and businessman who was a supporter of abolitionist John Brown.

Like his father, Gloucester was a Black Presbyterian pastor. In 1849 he founded Siloam Presbyterian Church. He and his church members were very active in the Underground Railroad.

Gloucester was also a friend and associate of John Brown. Two letters he wrote to Brown are still extant.James N. Gloucester to John Brown, February 19, 1858 and J. N. Gloucester to John Brown, March 9, 1858. C. Peter Ripley, ed., The Black Abolitionist Papers, volume 4 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991), 377-379 Gloucester lived at 265 Bridge Street, Brooklyn, New York.

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