Michael Melkonian (born 1948) is a German botanist and phycologist. He was a professor of botany at the University of Cologne from 1988 to 2017. He is currently a senior professor of phycology at the University of Duisburg-Essen.
Early life and education Michael Melkonian was born in 1948 in Hamburg. He earned his bachelor's degree in botany at the University of Hamburg in 1974. He received a doctorate in Botany with a focus in plant physiology in 1978 from the University of Hamburg.
Career From 1978 to 1988 Melkonian was an Assistant Professor to the Botany Department at the University of Münster. In 1982, he was a visiting assistant professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University. From 1986–1988 he was a Heisenberg Fellow of the German Research Foundation (DFG).
In 1988, he moved to the University of Cologne as a full professor and Chair of the Botany department. In 2001 Melkonian became the Director of the Central Collection of Algal Cultures (CCAC). Melkonian became a Professor Emeritus in 2017. In 2019, he became a Senior Professor of Phycology at the University of Duisburg-Essen.
Melkonian played a role in establishing multiple phycological societies in Europe, including organizing the first European Phycological Congress and encouraging the founding of the Hellenic Phycological Society.
Melkonian holds 16 patents and is a co-founder of Algenion GmbH & Co. KG, an algal biotech company.
Research Melkonian's research primarily focuses on microalgae and has researched specific areas including cell biology, systematics and evolution, and the development of biotechnologies. He has published more than 240 refereed research papers and book articles, edited several books, including the Handbook of Protoctista (1990). He also authored German textbooks including General Botany (1974, 1984) and Illustrated Guide to Freshwater Algae (2004, 2012).
Melkonian studied the structure, function and development of the flagellar apparatus in algaeGeimer, S., Melkonian, M. (2004): The ultrastructure of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii basal apparatus: identification of an early marker of radial asymmetry inherent to the basal body. J. Cell Sci. 117, 2663-2674 and co-discovered several centrosomal proteins novel for eukaryotes (e.g. centrin,Salisbury, J.L., Baron, A., Surek, B., Melkonian, M. (1984): Striated flagellar roots: isolation and partial characterization of a calcium-modulated contractile organelle. J. Cell Biol. 99, 962-970 SF-assemblin). He further provided evidence that flagellar development in unicellular eukaryotes extends over more than one cell cycle generating flagella with different functions in the same cell.Melkonian, M., Reize, I.B., Preisig, H.R. (1987): Maturation of a flagellum/basal body requires more than one cell cycle in algal flagellates: Studies on Nephroselmis olivacea (Prasinophyceae). In: Algal Development. Molecular and Cellular Aspects (Wiessner, W., Robinson, D.G., Starr, R.C., eds.), pp. 102-113. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Through the study of the biogenesis of extracellular scales in green algae led to the revival of the cisternal maturation model of intra-Golgi apparatus.Becker, B., Bölinger, B., Melkonian, M. (1995): Anterograde transport of algal scales through the Golgi complex is not mediated by vesicles. Trends in Cell Biology 5, 305-306 Studies on the eyespot apparatus of green algaeMelkonian, M., Robenek, H. (1980): Eyespot membranes of Chlamydomonas reinhardii: a freeze-fracture study. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 72, 90-102 led to the identification of the photoreceptor channelrhodopsin.
Melkonian also studied the systematics, diversity and evolution of algae with emphasis on green algae,Melkonian, M. (1982a): Structural and evolutionary aspects of the flagellar apparatus in green algae and land plants. Taxon 31, 255-265 cryptophytes, and euglenophytesMarin, B., Palm, A., Klingberg, M., Melkonian, M. (2003): Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of plastid-containing Euglenophytes based on SSU rDNA sequence comparisons and synapomorphic signatures in the SSU rRNA secondary structure. Protist 154, 99-145 but also heterotrophic protists,Hess, S., Melkonian, M. (2013) The Mystery of Clade X: Orciraptor and Viridiraptor genera nova are highly specialised, algivorous amoeboflagellates (Glissomonadida, Cercozoa). Protist 164: 706-741 such as the Picozoa.Seenivasan, R., Sausen, N., Medlin, L.K., Melkonian, M. (2013) Picomonas judraskeda gen. et sp. nov.: The first identified member of the Picozoa phylum nov., a widespread group of picoeukaryotes, formerly known as ‘picobiliphytes.’ PLoS ONE 8(3): e59565 Molecular phylogenetic analyses helped to identify the flagellate Mesostigma as the earliest divergence in the StreptophytaMarin, B., Melkonian, M. (1999): Mesostigmatophyceae, a new class of streptophyte green algae revealed by SSU rRNA sequence comparisons. Protist 150, 399-417 and the Zygnematophyceae as the likely sister group to the embryophyte land plants.Wodniok, S., Brinkmann, H., Glöckner, G., Heidel, A.J., Philippe, H., Melkonian, M., Becker, B. (2011) Origin of land plants: Do conjugating green algae hold the key? BMC Evol. Biol. 11: 104 Melkonian also worked on early research understanding the cercozoan photosynthetic amoeba Paulinella chromatophora, which has an independently evolved chloroplast called a chromatophore, and is an important example for the evolution of endosymbiotic organelles.Nowack, E.C.M., Melkonian, M., Glöckner, G. (2008): Chromatophore genome sequence of Paulinella sheds light on acquisition of photosynthesis by eukaryotes. Curr. Biol. 18, 410-418
Additionally, his group developed a novel technique to grow microalgae at technical scale immobilized on Twin-Layers.Naumann, T., Çebi, Z., Podola, B., Melkonian, M. (2013) Growing microalgae as aquaculture feeds on Twin-Layers, a novel solid state photobioreactor. J. Appl. Phycol. 25: 1413-1420
Activity in International Organizations 1992–1994 - President, International Society for Evolutionary Protistology 1993–1994 - Vice-President, British Phycological Society 1996 - Organizer of the First European Phycological Congress 2002–2004 - President, International Phycological Society 2011–2012 - Vice-President, International Society of Protistologists 1998–present - Editor-in-Chief Emeritus Protist
Academic Memberships 2003 - elected as a Corresponding Member of the Botanical Society of America 2014 - Honorary Member, Hellenic Phycological SocietyHellenic Phycological Society (HEL.P.S.)
Awards 1984 - Biology Prize, Göttingen Academy of SciencesBiology Prize , Göttingen Academy of Sciences 2004 - Fritz Schaudinn Award for the best original paper published during 2002 and 2003 in the journal ProtistFritz Schaudinn Award 2014 - Hans-Adolf von Stosch Medal, Section of Phycology (German Botanical Society), for outstanding service to Phycology in Germany
Selected books Algal Cell Motility Allgemeine Botanik. Nach einer Vorlesung von H. Drawert Handbook of Protoctista: The Structure, Cultivation, Habitats and Life Histories of the Eukaryotic, Microorganisms and Their Descendants Exclusive O (The Jones and Bartlett series in life sciences) Der Kosmos-Algenführer
References
External links Publication list 1975-2014