Pygocentrus palometa is a species of piranha endemic to Venezuela, where it is restricted to the Orinoco Basin. Although recognized by FishBase, the scientific name may be a nomen dubium.Reis, R. E., S. O. Kullander and C. J. Ferraris, Jr., editors (2003). Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. CLOFFSCA. EDIPUCRS, Porto Alegre. 2003: i-xi + 1-729
"Palometa" is a general common name used in South America for many serrasalmids, such as the black spot piranha, red-bellied piranha, redhook myleus, wimple piranha, Metynnis, Mylossoma, Pygopristis denticulata, Pristobrycon striolatus and Serrasalmus,Olimpiadas Nacionales de Contenidos Educativos en Internet (2002). Fauna Ictícola del Río Uruguay. Ministry of Education, Argentina. Retrieved 9 August 2016.Machado-Allison, Antonio (2005). Los Peces de los Llanos de Venezuela. Pp. 196-198. Third edition. Central University of Venezuela. as well as the unrelated marine fish Beryx, Brama, Trachinotus goodei and Taractichthys.Pescados y Mariscos: Palometa o Japuta. Eroski Foundation. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
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