The Polish Communist Party (), or the Communist Party of Poland (, KPP), is a Marxist-Leninist party in Poland. It was founded in 2002 by former members of the Union of Polish Communists "Proletariat" (), a Marxist-Leninist party that functioned between 1990 and 2002, and was ultimately banned in 2002. In 2013, the KPP co-founded the Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties, and cooperated with minor socialist and left-wing nationalist parties such as the Polish Labour Party, Polish Socialist Party, and the Democratic Party of the Left. The party battled constant attempts at outlawing it; on 3 December 2025, the Constitutional Tribunal declared the party's program to go against the 1997 Polish Constitution for promoting totalitarianism, and the KPP was formally banned on 30 December 2025. On 17 April 2026, the party was reinstated, as the Constitutional Ruling was deemed non-binding.

The party describes itself as "a Marxist-Leninist party that draws on the best patriotic and internationalist traditions of the Polish labor movement", and aspires to be the historical and ideological heir of the Communist Party of Poland, Polish Workers' Party and the Polish United Workers' Party. The KPP representes a conservative and nationalist tendency of communism, and upholds the legacy of the Polish People's Republic, including that of the Endo-Communist Mieczysław Moczar. It calles for restoration of Polish socialism, based on abolition of classes and private property, and socialization of the economy. It postulates Polish withdrawal from the EU and NATO, supports the Russian Federation in the Russo-Ukrainian War, and supports post-Maoist China, along with Vietnam, Laos, North Korea and Cuba as socialist states.

History Foundation The Communist Party of Poland was founded in July 2002 in Dąbrowa Górnicza by activists largely derived from the Union of Polish Communists "Proletariat", which was founded by about 1000 members of the Initiative Group (), an anti-reform socially conservative faction within the Polish United Workers' Party, in 1990. The Union of Polish Communists "Proletariat", was mainly active in Silesia, particularly in Dąbrowa Górnicza, as well as Gliwice, Knurów, Zabrze, Bytom. It opposed the Polish Round Table Agreement and called for a revolution against the Balcerowicz Plan, which it described as "a dogmatic programme of restoring capitalist relations" and "total privatisation" which resulted in "the transfer of national assets to foreign capital, without the consent of the nation", along with "the loss of economic sovereignty and the transfer of part of the national income abroad".

Since its creation, there had been numerous attempts to delegalize the Union of Polish Communists "Proletariat", which was ultimately successful in 2002. As a result, the former members of the party decided to form a new party, the Polish Communist Party. The first congress of the party took place in December 2002, the second in December 2006, the third in December 2010, the fourth in March 2015, and the fifth in July 2019. 2000s electoral efforts In the Polish parliamentary elections in 2005 and 2007, KPP members started from the lists of the Polish Labour Party (PPP). In the 2005 Polish presidential election, the party supported Daniel Podrzycki of the PPP (who died shortly before the election in a road accident). Before the 2010 Polish presidential election, the chairman of the party Józef Łachut expressed support for the candidacy of Grzegorz Napieralski from the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) at the Congress of the Left Alliance, which then became the official endorsement of the party.

The party endorsed the Polish Labour Party in the 2002 Polish local elections, which as the successor of the Alternative Social Movement ran under the name of "Alternative Labour Party". In November 2005, the secretary of the Polish Socialist Party, Mateusz Ziembiński, defected to the Polish Communist Party, arguing that "only the KPP intends to consistently defend the interests of the working world and the principles of representative democracy, and to build a society free from conflict and rivalry." In the 2006 Polish local elections, the KPP fielded candidates on the electoral list of the Polish Labour Party, together with the Polish Socialist Party and the Democratic Party of the Left.

In 2006, the KPP's cooperation with the Polish Labour Party was its height, and the convention at which the new KPP leader, Józef Łachut, was elected, was attended by the leader of the Polish Labour Party Bogusław Ziętek. During the convention, Ziętek stated: "Our long-standing cooperation has convinced us of the ideological value and sincere dedication of your party's members to the struggle for the rights of workers, the poor and the marginalised. The system in which we live objectifies human beings, placing profit and capital above them. Capitalism turns people and their labour into commodities. We must oppose this by continuing our common struggle." The Polish Communist Party criticized the "alarmingly low number" of new housing built in Poland, and introduced taxation proposals, such as cutting the goods and services tax rate while increasing stock market transactions tax.

The party intervened in the 2009 European Parliament election in Poland by endorsing and speaking in support of Adam Gierek, co-founder of the Edward Gierek's Economic Revival Movement and a son of the former communist leader Edward Gierek. Adam Gierek sought to run in the election on the electoral list of Democratic Left Alliance – Labour Union in the Silesian Voivodeship; however, while Labour Union favoured Gierek to be put on the top of the list, local Democratic Left Alliance leaders wished to put him no higher than as the 3rd candidate on the list. Together with Edward Gierek's Economic Revival Movement, the Democratic Party of the Left, the Working People's Movement, and left-wing patriotic movements, the KPP spoke in favor of Gierek taking 1st place on the list. Eventually, Gierek was placed on the 2nd place, and successfully won a seat.

In the 2010 Polish local elections, the party formed an election committee (Red Wrocław Election Committee) and put forward candidates for the Wrocław city council. The committee won 135 votes in the city of Wrocław, which amounted to 0.07% of the popular vote there. In the 2011 Polish parliamentary election, an individual member of the KPP, Lech Fabiańczyk, ran for the Sejm from the SLD list in Sejm Constituency no. 40.

Later activity In 2013, the party joined the International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties, and became one of the founding parties of the Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties. Within these organisations, the party signed a declaration declaring is support for scientific socialism and opposition to the EU as a capitalist organisation.

The Communist Party of Poland called for a boycott of the 2015 Polish parliamentary election. In addition, it established contacts with the Polish Left. In the 2019 Polish parliamentary election, the KPP put forward one candidate to The Left for the Sejm, Lech Fabiańczyk. Before the 2020 Polish presidential election, the Communist Party of Poland supported the candidacy of Waldemar Witkowski from Labour Union. In the second round, the party advised to vote for the opponent of President Andrzej Duda, regardless of who it would be. The KPP subsequently detached itself from The Left political alliance.

The party declared its support for Polish farmers during the 2024 Polish farmers' protests.

On 4 November 2025, a declaration from "Comrade Damian J. Składanek and comrades from the CPP" appeared on the party's website, denouncing KPP's leader Beata Karoń for "oligarchic dictate,” “departure from the principles of Marxism-Leninism,” and a “nationalist deviation.” The declaration was taken down within hours, and the party made an official statement, stating that the post was a result of hacking and that the declaration's author, Damian J., attempted to reactivate the Polish Workers' Party (dissolved in 1946) as a rival party. The party identified Damian J. as the author of "Naukowy Socjalis" social media profile, where he labelled the KPP "Braunites, russophiles and Dmowski-loving National Bolsheviks".

2025 delegalization On 6 November 2025, Polish president Karol Nawrocki, appealed to the Constitutional Tribunal to delegalize the KPP, citing unconstitutionality. On 3 December, the Constitutional Tribunal ruled that the goals of the party are incompatible with the Polish Constitution which prohibits the existence of political parties that base their program on "totalitarian ideologies like Nazism, fascism and communism". Tribunal judge Krystyna Pawłowicz stated that KPP's communist ideology "goes against the fundamental human values and the traditions of European and Christian civilization". Given the ruling, the appeal to ban the party was forwarded to the National Electoral Commission.

Media speculated that the ruling may not be respected by government authorities because of the Polish constitutional crisis. After the 15 October Coalition came to power, in March 2024 it passed the law declaring that the Constitutional Tribunal functioned "in violation of the law" and that some of the Tribunal's judges were its members illegally. Since then, the Constitutional Tribunal's rulings were not published in Dziennik Ustaw.

On 5 December, the Polish Communist Party declared that it did not recognize the Constitutional Tribunal's ruling, arguing that given the Polish constitutional crisis, the Tribunal is considered illegal and thus "has no legal force". The party also claimed that the ruling failed to obey the law as the Tribunal did not consider request to adjourn the hearing, called no witnesses, did not conduct an investigation to gather evidence, did not seek any expert opinion, and ignored the requirement for the presence of the Attorney General during the ruling (the absence of Attorney General was the basis for rejecting the 2020 appeal). The KPP also declared that it would continue to function as a political movement even if it were deregistered as a political party, and that it would continue to admit new members.

On 20 December 2025, the party's website was cleared of all content and replaced with a "Statement and Second Open Letter to Left-wing Circles". The authors, Damian J. Składanek (responsible for the 4 November takeover) and Piotr Bednarek, claimed that they were motivated by a "sincere desire to save the idea", and that the website was not stolen, but was already owned by Bednarek. In the letter, they alleged that the party had "drifted toward conservatism", accusing it of supporting Grzegorz Braun and his "firefighting front". The statement claimed that the KPP contained former members of the , the main Endo-Communist organization of the Polish People's Republic, and that the party promoted the "thought of Roman Dmowski", "Russian disinformation", "ethnic hatred towards Ukrainians", "slogans of Serbian nationalists", "pre-war ONR and Moczarist currents", "rejecting class struggle in favor of chauvinism", and tolerating "open antisemitism and racism".

On 15 December 2025, the District Court of Warsaw affirmed the Constitutional Tribunal's ruling that the goals and activities of the Polish Communist Party were against the Polish Constitution, and formally banned the party. This decision sparked criticism, given that the government bodies previously refused to recognize the authority of the Constitutional Tribunal. On 30 December 2025, the ban became law and the party was struck off the register of Polish political parties. The party's website and social media accounts had also been taken over by its political opposition.

2026 re-registration