Teder is a surname of Estonian origin, meaning "black grouse," and may refer to:
Hillar Teder (born 1962), Estonian businessman Indrek Teder (born 1957), Estonian lawyer and jurist Johanna Teder (born 2000), Estonian basketball player Kristjan Teder (1901–1960), Estonian painter Tarmo Teder (born 1958), Estonian writer, poet and critic
See also Tedder, surname