Somaliland has a multi-party system, with a constitutional limit of three official parties at the national level (determined for a 10-year period at the beginning of each decade based on municipal election results, in which more parties are allowed) as an attempt to avoid political tribalism. A single party often does not have win power alone, so the parties must instead form coalition governments. However, despite some parties having affiliations with political internationals of a particular ideology, politics in Somaliland tend to be more clan-based rather than ideology-based. As such, the programs of parties can fluctuate depending on the issues surrounding the clan(s) that support them.
Current parties
Party Abbr. Est. Leader Politicalposition Ideology Seats Somaliland National Party Waddani 2012 Hersi Ali Haji Hassan Syncretic NationalismPopulismIslamic democracy Kulmiye Peace, Unity, and Development Party Kulmiye 2002 Mohamed Kahin Ahmed Centre tocentre-left Social liberalismIslamic democracy Kaah Alliance for Equality and Development Kaah 2022 Mohamoud Hashi Abdi
Former parties +Dissolved parties of SomalilandParty Native name Political position Ideology Seats (UDUB)United Peoples' Democratic Party Ururka Dimuqraadiga Ummadda Bahawday Centre to Centre-left NationalismIslamic democracy (UCID)Justice and Welfare Party Ururka Caddaalada iyo Daryeelka Centre-left Democratic socialismSocial democracy
See also Politics of Somaliland
References