The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Almaty, Almaty Province, Kazakhstan.
19th century
1854 – Fort Zailiyskoe erected and then renamed Fort Vernoe ("Loyal"). 1867 – The settlement around the fortress officially renamed Verny. 1870s – Panfilov Park laid out. 1871 – Population: 12,000. 1884 – Synagogue established.
1887 – 9 June: A magnitude 7.3 earthquake affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme), destroying the city and fort. Brick construction was subsequently banned in favor of wood and adobe as more earthquake resistant.
20th century
1907 – Ascension Cathedral built. 1910 – Population: 24,798. 1911 – 3 January: An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.7–8.7 affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X–XI (Extreme), causing 450 deaths, although the avoidance of brick in construction proved helpful. 1914 – Population: 36,000. 1918 – Soviets in power; city becomes part of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. 1921 – Verny renamed Alma-Ata ("Father of Apples"). 1927 – Capital of the Kazak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic relocates to Alma-Ata from Kyzylorda. 1928 – Kazakh State Theatre relocates to Alma-Ata. 1930 – Turkestan-Siberia Railway begins operating. 1931 – Central State Museum of Kazakhstan and National Library of Kazakhstan established. 1934 Abay Opera House and Kazakh State University open. Alma-Ata Documentary Film Studio established. Uighur Music and Drama theatre group founded. 1935 Almaty Airport built. National Art Gallery opens. 1936 City becomes capital of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. Almaty Zoo opens. 1939 – Population: 230,528. 1941 Central United Film Studio established. 1 October: Polish diplomatic post established. 1942 – 20 July: Polish diplomatic post closed. 1944 – Alma-Ata Studio for Feature and Documentary Films established. 1946 – Kurmangazy Conservatory established. 1949 – Almaty District Library established. 1951 – Medeo skating rink opens. 1954 – Lokomotiv Almaty football club formed. 1958 – Almaty Central Stadium opens. 1960 – Republican Scientific-Technical Library established. 1963 – Korean Theatre relocates to Almaty. 1967 – Kok Tobe cable car begins operating. 1970 – Hotel Kazakhstan built. 1972 – Medeu Dam built. 1978 Republican Book Museum opens. September: International Conference on Primary Health Care held.
1979 – Population: 975,000. 1980 – Kazakhstan National Museum of Instruments founded. 1983 – Almaty Tower built. 1985 – Population: 1,068,000 (estimate). 1986 – December: Jeltoqsan protests against Soviet regime. 1989 – Voice of Asia lip synching contest begins. 1991 21 December: Alma-Ata Protocol signed, establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States. City becomes capital of independent Republic of Kazakhstan. 1992 Karavan begins publication. Central State Archives of Recent History headquartered in city. Akhmetzhan Yesimov becomes head of Alma-Ata regional government. 1993 Alma-Ata officially renamed Almaty. Kazakh Interbank Currency Exchange headquartered in Almaty. Kazakhskaya Pravda in publication. Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies founded. Population: 1,176,000 (estimate). 1995 – Katelco established. 1997 Kazakh capital moved from Almaty to Astana. Zamanbek Nurkadilov becomes governor of the Almaty region. 1998 – Mukhtar Auezov Museum-House built. 2000 Respublika (Kazakh newspaper) begins publication. Football Club Tsesna formed.
21st century
2001 – Public Policy Research Center, and Center for Foreign Policy and Analysis founded. 2003 – International Institute for Modern Politics founded. 2006 – Protest. 2007 – Almaty Cup tennis tournament begins. 2008 Haileybury Almaty school founded. Akhmetzhan Yessimov becomes mayor. 2009 – Population: 1,365,105. 2011 Almaty Metro begins operating. 2011 Asian Winter Games held. 2012 – Population: 1,472,866. 2013 January: Airplane crash near city kills at least 20 people. No survivors reported. City hosts P5+1-Iran meetings. 2014 – Economic protest. 2015 – Baibek Bauyrzhan becomes mayor.
See also Almaty history List of Akims of Almaty City List of universities in Almaty Other names of Almaty History of Kazakhstan
References
Bibliography
External links
Photos of market in Almaty, 1995, by Carl Malamud