Euler is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Leonhard Euler (1707–1783), Swiss mathematician and physicist Carl Euler (1834–1901), Swiss ornithologist Hans Heinrich Euler (1901–1941), German physicist Ingeborg Euler (1927-2005), German journalist and writer Johann Euler (1734–1800), Swiss-Russian astronomer and mathematician Ulf von Euler (1905–1983), Swedish physiologist, pharmacologist and Nobel laureate Hans von Euler-Chelpin (1873–1964), Swedish biochemist and Nobel laureate August Euler (1868–1957), German pioneer aviator William Daum Euler (1875–1961), Canadian politician