501 Squadron or 501st Squadron may refer to:
No. 501 Squadron RAF, United Kingdom 501 Squadron (Portugal) 501 Squadron, Air Force Mobile Deployment Wing SAAF, South Africa 501st Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron (JASDF), Japan 501st Aero Squadron, Air Service, United States Army, see list of American aero squadrons 501st Bombardment Squadron, United States Air Force VMFAT-501, United States Marine Corps