The Bengali-Assamese languages (also Gauda–Kamarupa languages) is a grouping of several languages in the eastern Indian subcontinent. This group belongs to the Eastern zone of Indo-Aryan languages. The languages in this group, according to Glottolog, include Assamese, Bengali, Bishnupriya, Chakma, Chittagonian, Hajong, Kewat, Kharia Thar, Kurmukar, Lodhi, Mal Paharia, Noakhali, Rajbanshi, Rangpuri, Rohingya, Sylheti, Tangchangya and Surjapuri.
Languages Language Native name Script AlphabetNumber of speakers (in millions) Native region Assamese Ôxômīyā Bengali–Assamese script Assamese alphabet 15.3 (Assam) Bengali Bāṅglā Bengali–Assamese script Bengali alphabet 261.8 (national and official) (West Bengal, Jharkhand, Tripura, parts of Assam, Andaman and Nicobar Islands) Bishnupriya Manipuri Biṣṇupriyā Maṇipurī Biṣṇupriyā Me'itei Biṣṇupriyā Māẏāṅg Imār Ṭhār Bengali–Assamese script Bengali alphabet 0.12 (total) (Assam, Manipur and Tripura) (Sylhet Division) Chakma Sākmā Sāṅgmā Chakma script Bengali–Assamese script Latin script Chakma alphabet Bengali alphabet 0.32 (Chittagong Division) (Mizoram and Tripura) (Rakhine State) Chittagonian Saṭgãia Siṭaiṅga Bengali–Assamese script Arabic script Latin script Bengali alphabet 13 (Chittagong Division) (Rakhine State) (Tripura) Hajong Hāzoṅg Bengali–Assamese script Latin script Assamese alphabet Bengali alphabet 0.06 (Assam and Meghalaya) (Mymensingh Division) Kamtapuri/Rangpuri/Rajbanshi Kāmtāpurī Kāmtā Ôṅgpurī Ômpurī Rājbaṅśī Tājpurīyā Bengali–Assamese script, Devanagari Bengali alphabet, Assamese alphabet"As a ritual of purgation they are discarding the Bengali /r/ with a dot and the same is replaced with the original /r/ with a diagonal slash, as used in Assamese script despite the fact that the Rajbanshis in Bengal have been conditioned to use the Bengali /r/ owing to the long processes of forceful imposition of Bengali language upon them." 10.8 (Rangpur Division) (West Bengal and Assam) (Koshi Province) Noakhali Nōẇākhāillā Bengali–Assamese script Latin script Bengali alphabet 7 (Greater Noakhali) (Tripura) Rohingya Ruáingga Arabic script Hanifi script Latin script Arabic alphabet Hanifi alphabet Latin alphabet 2.52 (Rakhine State) (Chittagong Division) Surjapuri Surjāpurī Devanagari Bengali–Assamese script Bengali alphabet 2.26 (Bihar, West Bengal) (Koshi Province) Sylheti Silôṭi Bengali–Assamese script Sylheti Nagari script Sylheti alphabet 11.8 (Sylhet Division) (Assam, Meghalaya, North Tripura) Tanchangya Tôñchôṅgyā Bengali script Chakma script Chakma alphabet Bengali alphabet 0.02 (Chittagong Hill Tracts)
Language comparison chart
* = borrowed terms (including tatsamas, ardhatatsamas and other borrowings) EnglishAssameseBengaliChakmaChittagonianHajongKamatapuriNoakhaliRohingyaSylhetibeautifuldhunia, xundor/xundarśundor*doldishar, šundorhundor*cúndor*, hásin*šundor*, kubsurot*, mayasurotbigdaṅor/daṅar, borboṛo, ḍagor, ḍaṅorđôñrboro, daṅarboḍḍaboro, ákbor*, kobira*boṛobloodtezrôkto*, khun*, lohulolou, rôktôlou, khun*, rokto*lou, hún*, kún*lou, roxto*, kun*breadruti (flat), pau*ruti, luf*, bred*pão*ruṭi, ruṭi (flat)fõruţifiçá, luthiruṭi (flat), luf*brotherbhai (younger), kokai/kaka (elder), dada (elder)*bhai, dada, bhaiyabái, bôddabhaibáibáibái, báiacatmekuri/meukri/mekur, birali/biroli, biralbiṛal, bilai/bileibilai/bilei, miúrbilaibilaimekur, bilaidarkandhar, endharãdhar, andhar, ondhokar*ãdárãdarañdár, miyondaandáirdaughterzi, mai, aapi, zhia, ziorimaiya/meye, konna*, jhizee, maifuābetimaiyafutúni, zíizi, fuṛidaydin, bêladin, bêla*, roz*, dibôš*dindindin, hokalbêla*, beinnadindin, ruz*dogkukurkukur, kuttakuĩr, kuttokuttakuñratu, kuttadoorduar*, dorza*, dardôroja/dôrja*, duar*duōr, kebarduar*duar*xeir, dorza*, duar*earthbhũi, p(r)ithiwi/p(r)ithibi*duniya*, prithibi*, dhora*, jahan*duniye, fitibiduniya*, fitibi*duniyai*duniai*, dunia*, zahan*eggkoni, dima/dimḍim, anḍa, boida*boda*đim,anḍaḍimabôyza*andha, dhimenḍa, ḍim, boida*elephanthati/hathihatiátihatiátiáñti, háñtihátteyesoku, sokhuchoukh/chokh, ãkhi, noyon*, chokkhu*sógsok, sokkusuksoku, uki, soukfatherdeuta*, bap, büpai/bapa, pitai/pite/piti*, aba/abba/abu/abbu*bap, abba*, baba, abbu, pita*, waled*baf, ba, abbabaf, abba*abbá*baf, bazifearbhoy, dorbhôy*, ḍorđôrḍorḍorḍorfingeraṅuli/aṅliaṅgul, onguli*ôuñlouñlaṅgulaṅguilfirezui, aguni*aguin/agun, ogni*, nar*, atosh*, anol*, pabok*, dahon* ôin*zuiooin*aguin*, nar*, atosh*fishmasmachhmasmasmasmas, mai*foodkhüabostu*, khauni, ahar*, khayddo*, khana*khabar, khaon, khana*, khani*, khaddo*, ahar*hánahána, háñnahána, khánaxanixanigodbhogowan*, is(s)or*, deu, probhu*, khuda*khoda*, isshôr*, bhôgôban*, srishtikorta*, mabud*khúda*,rôb, ūôr ôlakhúda*, rôb, moula*ila*, rob*, ixor*mobud*, mola*, rob*, xoda*, bhogòban*goodbhalbhalo/bhalabála, gômbhalabhalbalagombálagrassghah, kher (hay)ghash, khôṛ (hay)kérghaṣkérrga, gašhandhathatáthatátártáthand fanbisoni/biseni/bisnihat-pakha, biuni, bijonibisôin, biseinhankabisoin, fankaheadmur, matha, mathmatha, shir*, kolla*mata, hôllamatásir*, xolla*, mataheart (emotion)hia, ontor*, koliza/koilza, hidoy*(h)ridôy*, ôntôr*, hiya, dil*, kolob*, kolija/koiljadil*, hôilze, ridôy, ôntôrdil*, ôntôr*dil*dil*, hiaheart (organ)hia, dil, amothu(h)ritpindô*,dil*, kolija/koiljadil*gurdahorseghü̃ra/ghoraghoṛagúṛagúñra, gúragúṛahouseghorghôr, baṛi, basha, khana*górgór, barigor, barigór, bari, xan*hungerbhük/bhokhkhudha*, khida*, khide*, bhukbúkbukbúkbuk, feto(r) buklanguagebhaxa*, mat (call), kotha*, rawbhasha*, buli, jôban/zôban*hodá*basha, zúban, buliraw, bhaṣa*basha, buli zoban*, hodá*mat, bul, rau, zoban*, basha*laughterhãhihashiašihaṣiašilifezion/ziwon, ziu (soul), hayat*jibôn*, jindegi*, hayat*zibon,zindegi*,hayat*zibonzindagi*, zibonzindegi*, zibon*, hayat*moonzün, sandchãd/chand, chôndro*, bôdôr*, shôshi*sãnsansannisansan(d), sondonimotherma, ai, mai, mao, ammi/amma*ma, amma*, ammu, waleda*, mata*, aimamaö, aima, amma*mai, ai, maizimouthmukh*, mu-mukh*, mu(h)mukh*muk*muk*namenam, naünamnamnamnamnamnightrati, nixa*rat/rait, ratri*, shob*raitratiraitraitrait, rati, nii, shob*, lailot*nonohoy, nai, ühü, nana, nai/nae/nei, noy, nonnô, nôynônô, nôyna, nai, naypeacexanti*, xokahshanti*, aman*, salamôt*šanti*ṣanti*niraii, shanti*, salamôt*placethai, zega/zaga*, thanjayga/jaga/jega*, ṭhai, sthan*ṭai, zāga*zega*, tanqueenrani, madoi, patmadoirani, shahbanu*raniraniraniranirani, razbibi, sha(h)banu*restzironi, aram*aram*, bisram*, jirano*, jiron*dom*,zirôn,aram gôrônzirani, aram*rivernoi, gaṅ, nodi*nôdi*, doriya*, ɡaṅgdôijja*,dôirgehálɡaṅg, nodi*roadbat, ali, rasta*, poth*rasta*, shoṛok, pôth*sorok, hot*sorox, rah*, rasta*, ail, fot*saltnimokh*, lün/nunlôbôn*, nun, nomok*lôbôn*, lun/nunnoon, lobon*nimox*, nun, lobon*sisterbhoni/boini/boni (younger), ba/bai (elder)apa*, apu/api, boin/bon, didibóin,afa/bôbbu/dî/afu (elder)bóinbóin, buaismallxoru, sütochhoṭo, patigurohuru, sutohuru, nii, kuṭimuti, gura, titkina, geda, suṭusonput, pü, aapachhele, putro*, put, po, bêṭa(morod) fuā, futbeṭahola, hutfutfut, fuasoulziu, atma/atta*atta*, pran*, pôran*, ruh*, jiuforan*, rû*atta*ru*, atma*, zaan*sunbelishurjo*, shuruj*beil, šuroz*beilsuruz*, shurzo*tendoh, dos*doshdošdoṣdoshdosh, dothreetinitintíntintintinvillagegaü̃gram*, gã, gãogeramgeramgauwaistkõkal/kakalkomor*, majakeĩlkeñilxomor*, xaxalwaterpanipani, jôl*fanipanipani, zol*hanifanífani, ab*, tamwhenketia/kitia/kita, kethan/kethen, kesen, ketiyakekôkhôn, kobe, kon shômôy*, kon bêlahóttekönbelakunbelakunbala(n->m), kunomoywindbotah/batahbatash*, hawa*, ba/bao, bayu*, bat*, anil*ába*, bataš*batash*, haowa*boyar, batash*, hawa*wolfkukurnesia bagh, xial (jackal, fox)nekṛe-bagh, sheyal/shiyal (jackal, fox)neṛi kuttaatubag, hial (jackal, fox)womanmaiki manuh, tiri*, tirüta, mohila*mohila*, nari*, beṭi manush, chherimaiye fua,maifuā (soft)beṭi saöabeṭi, moíla*yearbosor, son*bochhor, shal*, borsho*, botshor*bosorbosorbosor, shal*fira, bosor, son*, shal*yeshoy, o, ü̃, mmhê/hễ, ji*, agge, hãô, ôyô, hôô, ôyóe, i, zi* óeyesterdaykali, züa-kali/zawa-kali(goto*-)kal(-ke), (gelo-)kal(-ke),kal(-ke)goto* hail, goto* halia(gese-)xail(-ku), xail(-ku)EnglishAssameseBengaliChakmaChittagonianHajongKamatapuriNoakhaliRohingyaSylheti * = borrowed terms (including tatsamas, ardhatatsamas and other borrowings)
Verbs EnglishAssameseSylhetiBengaliChakmaChittagonianKamatapuriRohingyaHajongNoakhaliaskxudh-, xudhpus kor- (investigate)zika-, fus-, zar-jiggaśa kor-, puchh-, puch kor-, jiggesh kor-, jiga-pũsar ɡor-fus-, jiga-bitekamür-, kamür mar-xamṛa-, xamor maeth[4r]bh=['r45t6h[=]uj[kp=r-kamoṛ mar-, kamṛa-hõr-blowphu de-, phuk-, phu kor-fu de-, hu de-phu deua-breatheuxah lo-dom lo-šãš ne-, šãš lo-, dôm ne-, dôm lo-šãš ne-, dôm ne-bringan-an-an-an-an-canpar-far-par-har-catchdhor-dór-dhôr-dór-comeah-a-aś-a-a-ah-ai-countgon-, hisap kor-, gonti kor-gon-, isab xor-gon-, hišab kôr-crykand-, kan-xand-, xan-kãd-hãd-hãnna-, kand-, sikrait-cutkat-xaṭ-kaṭ-dokor-xor-kôr-gor-ɡor-hor-, kor-diemor-, dhuka-mor-môr-mor-mor-digkhand-kur-, kus-khõṛ-, khõc-drinkkha-, pi kha-, pi-xa-, fia xa-, fi-kha-, pan kor-, pi-ha-eatkha-xa-kha-há-ha-fallpor-foṛ-poṛ-fearbhoy kha-, dora-ḍora-bhoy pa-, ḍora-dora-fightzũz-, maramari/moramori kor-mair xor-, xaijja xor-maramari kor-, jhogṛa kôr-floatüpoṅ-, bhah-bai-, bo-bhaš-flowbo-bo-bo-bo-flyur-uṛ-uṛ-ur-ur-ur-givede-, di-de-, di-de-de-goza-, ɡo-/ge-za-, ɡo-, ɡe-ja-, ɡe-za-, zo-za-, zo-za-happenho-ó-ho-ó-ó-hearxun-hun-śun-un-hun-, hon-hitmar-, pit-, kila-mar-, fiț-, kila-mar-, kela-mar-killmar-, mari pela-mar-, mari de-mar-, mere fel-, mariya fal-mariya de-knowzan-zan-jan-zan-laughhãh-aś-haś-aś-learnxik-, xikh-hik-śekh-, śikh-hik-lie (in bed)baɡor-, kati ho-, bisonat/bisnat por-xait o-, hut-shuye por-hut-livethak-, zi(ai) thak-, tik-, basi thak-tax-, zia-, basi tax-thak-, jibito thak-, jinda thak-, bece thak-, bãchiya thak-thah-thak-looksa-sa-dekh-, ca-, taka-sa-sa-, deha-, taka-openkhul-kúa-khol-, khul-uid-, khúl-playkhel-xél-khel-pulltan-ṭan-ṭan-tan-pushthel-ṭel-, dekka-ṭhel-thel-, dakka-readporh/poh/por-foṛ-poṛ-foṛ-hor-rundour-, daur-douṛ-douṛa-, choṭ-, chuṭ-dũr-dour-sayko-, mat-, bul-xo-, mat-bol-, ko-ho-ho-ho-scratchãsür-xawza-, xamsa-ãcoṛ de-, ãcṛa-, khamca-seedekh-dex-dekh-sa-sa-sewxi-, sila-, bo- (weave)sia-śela-, śilasingɡa-, gan ga-ɡa-ɡa-, gan ga-ga-sitboh-bo-boś-bo-bo-, boy-sleepxu-, ɡhuma-, tüponi za/mar-hut-, ɡúma-ɡhuma-, śo-, śu-ɡhum za-hute za-, gúma-smellxuṅ-huṅ(ɡ)-śũk-, śõk-ũ-shũk-spitthu pela-, pik-, pik pela-sef fal-, fik fal- (betel nut/leaf)thu phel-, thu phal-seb hela-, thu hela-splitphal-atra-bhag kor-, bhang-do bhag kor-, bhang-squeezesep-, hẽs-sif-cap-, pesh-, cip-sap-standthio ho-, thia-uba-dãṛa-, khaṛa-thio-tía-dãṛa-, khaṛa-stabkhũs-, han-kus-, gauua-sucksuh-, sup-, xüh-sua-chosh-, chush-swellful-, fit-phulerswimxatũr-hatra-śatar kor-, shatra-thinkbhab-, sinta kor-, sint-bab-, sinta xor-, mone kôr-bhab-, cinta kôr-, mone kôr-bab-, sinta hor-throwdolia-ița-, iṭa mar-chõṛ-, ḍhêla mar-, dol-sūre mar-tiebandh-ban(d)-bãdh-bãn(d)-vomitbomi kor-bait xor-bomi kor-bomi hor-walkkhüz karh-, bul-aṭ-hãṭ-ãd-at-wantlag-, bisar-maɡ-, sa-ca-sa-sa-washdhu-dó-dho-dú-dú-wipemos-, müs-fus-, mus-moch-, much-, poch-, puch-mus-EnglishAssameseSylhetiBengaliChakmaChittagonianKamatapuriRohingyaHajongNoakhali
See also Bangladeshi Manipuri language Assamese Manipuri language References
Bibliography