The Aspen Center for Physics (ACP) is a non-profit institution for physics research located in Aspen, Colorado, in the Rocky Mountains region of the United States. Since its foundation in 1962, it has hosted distinguished physicists for short-term visits during seasonal winter and summer programs, to promote collaborative research in fields including astrophysics, cosmology, condensed matter physics, string theory, quantum physics, biophysics, and more.

To date, sixty-six of the center's affiliates have won Nobel Prizes in Physics and three have won Fields Medals in mathematics. Its affiliates have garnered a wide array of other national and international distinctions, among them the Abel Prize, the Dirac Medal, the Guggenheim Fellowship, the MacArthur Prize, and the Breakthrough Prize. Its visitors have included figures such as the cosmologist and gravitational theorist Stephen Hawking, the particle physicist Murray Gell-Mann, the condensed matter theorist Philip W. Anderson, and the former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Margaret Thatcher.

In addition to serving as a locus for physics research, the ACP's mission has entailed public outreach: offering programs to educate the general public about physics and to stimulate interest in the subject among youth.

History & public outreach The Aspen Center for Physics was founded in 1962 by three people: George Stranahan, Michael Cohen, and Robert W. Craig. George Stranahan, then a postdoctoral fellow at Purdue University, played a critical role in raising funds and early public support for the initiative. He later left physics to become a craft brewer, rancher, and entrepreneur, although he remained a lifelong supporter of the center. Stranahan's enterprises included the Flying Dog Brewery. Michael Cohen was a professor at the University of Pennsylvania and a condensed matter physicist whose work investigated the properties of real-world material systems such as ferroelectrics, liquid helium, and biological membranes. Robert W. Craig was the first director of the Aspen Institute, an international non-profit center which supports the exchange of ideas on matters relating to public policy.

From its establishment, the ACP has developed a close relationship with the city of Aspen and has contributed to the cultural life of the local community. It has collaborated with other institutions such as the Aspen Institute, the Aspen Music Festival, the Wheeler Opera House, the Aspen Science Center, and the Pitkin County Library.  

The center has benefitted from the generosity of public support, notably from the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, NASA, and from the gifts of private donors. These funds have helped to bring hundreds of scientists to the center every year, and have enabled the ACP to host a wide array of public lectures and activities.

In addition to sponsoring these public events at its campus in Aspen, the ACP has also broadcast programs on a local-access television station – the “Physics Preview” show on Grassrootstv.org – and on radio, via its ″Radio Physics″ program for high school students on the KDNK station.

Supporters & donors The Aspen Center for Physics has benefitted over the years from many acts of philanthropy.  Gifts from Aspen donors as well as from George Stranahan, Martin Flug, the Smart Family Foundation, and affiliated physicists have been especially important to sustaining the center's development and operation.

George Stranahan was an early driving force behind the establishment and funding of the ACP. After convincing the Aspen Institute to open in 1961 an independent physics division, where scientists could convene to conduct research, he began raising funds to open the Aspen Center for Physics, by collecting donations from locals and Aspen Institute participants. Stranahan raised funds for the original ACP building at a cost of $85,000, while contributing $38,000 himself. To recognize the central role that Stranahan played in establishing the center, the first building constructed on the ACP campus is named in his honor as Stranahan Hall. It was designed by Herbert Bayer, who pioneered Aspen's post-World War Two architectural revitalization.

Martin Flug, an Aspen businessman who had been interested in physics since his undergraduate time at Harvard University, funded the construction of an auditorium and a lecture series to accompany it: the Flug Forum. The auditorium is named to honor Flug's father Samuel Flug, an investment banker who was born in Warsaw, Poland and who died in 1962.

The Smart Family Foundation of Connecticut funded the construction of Smart Hall, a building on the ACP campus erected in 1996. The gift was arranged by A. Douglas Stone, a member of the Smart family, a physicist at Yale University, and a past ACP Scientific Secretary, Trustee, General Member, and Honorary Member.

The third building on the ACP campus, Bethe Hall, is named after Hans Bethe, the German-American nuclear physicist, based at Cornell University. Bethe donated part of his prize money to the ACP after winning the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1967 for his work on stellar nucleosynthesis. Bethe was a long-standing participant at the center: he was vice president and Trustee in the 1970s, then an Honorary Trustee from the 1970s until his death in 2005.

Following Bethe's example, several other physicists whose achievements merited awards went on to donate part of their prize money to the ACP.  Recognizing these scientist-donors, the ACP established the “Bethe Circle.” +Bethe CircleName of PhysicistAwardYearGordon BaymAPS Medal for Exceptional Achievement in Research2021Daniel FreedmanSpecial Breakthrough Prize2019Vassiliki Kalogera Hans A. Bethe Prize2016Greg MooreDannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics2014Hirosi OoguriHamburg Prize for Theoretical Physics2018Pierre RamondDannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics2015John SchwarzPhysics Frontiers Prize2013Matthias Troyer Aneesur Rahman Prize for Computational Physics2016

Luminaries ACP participants have included hundreds of post–doctoral fellows, professors, researchers and experimentalists who have come for short-term visits. Some had already achieved distinction before coming to the center; others won prizes or gained international recognition after spending time at the ACP early in their careers. Dozens of ACP physicists have received prestigious awards for their work, including the Nobel Prize in Physics.

The following scientists have participated at the Aspen Center for Physics at least once. Several have attended for a number of years. +Nobel Prize WinnersNobel LaureateYear of PrizePhilip Warren Anderson1977Arthur Ashkin2018John Bardeen1956, 1972Barry C. Barish2017Hans Bethe1967Owen Chamberlain1959Steven Chu1997Leon N. Cooper1972Francis Harry C. Crick1962James Watson Cronin1980Richard Feynman1965Val Logsdon Fitch1980William Alfred Fowler1983Murray Gell-Mann1969Andrea Ghez2020Riccardo Giacconi2002Donald A. Glaser1960Sheldon L. Glashow1979David Gross2004Duncan M. Haldane2016John L. Hall2005Robert Hofstadter1961Russell Hulse1993Brian D. Josephson1973Takaaki Kajita2015Wolfgang Ketterle2001Walter Kohn1998Masatoshi Koshiba2002John M. Kosterlitz2016Robert B. Laughlin1998Leon Max Lederman1988David Morris Lee1996Tsung-Dao Lee1957Anthony James Leggett2003John C. Mather2006Michel Mayor2019W.E. Moerner2014Yoichiro Nambu2008Konstantin S. Novoselov2010Douglas D. Osheroff1996P. James E. Peebles2019Roger Penrose2020Martin L. Perl1995Saul Perlmutter2011Edward M. Purcell1952Didier Queloz2019Norman Foster Ramsey1989Frederick Reines1995Robert C. Richardson1996Adam Riess2011Carlo Rubbia1984Brian Schmidt2011J. Robert Schrieffer1972George Smoot2006Gerardus 't Hooft1999Joseph H. Taylor1993Kip S. Thorne2017David J. Thouless2016Samuel C. C. Ting1976Charles Hard Townes1964Daniel Tsui1998Martinus J.G. Veltman1999Rainer Weiss2017Carl E. Wieman2001Frank Wilczek2004Kenneth Geddes Wilson1982 +Fields MedalistsFields MedalistsYear of PrizeMichael Freedman1986Stephen Smale1966Edward Witten1990 +Abel Prize WinnersAbel LaureatesYear of PrizeKaren Uhlenbeck2019Isador M. Singer2004 +Recent PrizewinnersPrizewinnersName of PrizeYear of PrizeInstitutionElihu AbrahamsOliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize2019University of California, Los AngelesGordon BaymAPS Medal for Exceptional Achievement in Research2021University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignPaul M. ChaikinOliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize2018New York UniversitySally DawsonJ.J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics2017Brookhaven National LaboratoryAlexei EfrosOliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize2019University of UtahDaniel FreedmanSpecial Breakthrough Prize2019Stanford UniversityMichael GreenPhysics Frontiers Prize2014Cambridge UniversityJohn F. GunionJ.J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics2017University of California DavisHoward HaberJ.J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics2017University of California Santa CruzC. R. HagenJ.J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics2010University of RochesterDavid HitlinW.K.H. Panofsky Prize in Experimental Particle Physics2016California Institute of TechnologyRandy HuletDavisson–Germer Prize2016Rice UniversityClifford JohnsonKlopsteg Memorial Lecture Award2018University of Southern CaliforniaClifford JohnsonSimons Fellow in Theoretical Physics2016University of Southern CaliforniaVassiliki KalogeraHans E. Bethe Prize2016Northwestern UniversityMarc KamionkowskiDannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics2015Johns Hopkins UniversityGordon KaneJ.J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics2017University of MichiganAlexei KitaevDirac Medal of the ICTP2015California Institute of TechnologyAlexei KitaevOliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize2017California Institute of TechnologyAndy MillisHamburg Prize for Theoretical Physics2017Columbia UniversityGreg MooreDannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics2014Rutgers UniversityGreg MooreDirac Medal of the ICTP2015Rutgers UniversityAnn NelsonJ.J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics2018University of WashingtonHirosi OoguriHamburg Prize for Theoretical Physics2018California Institute of Technology and Kavli IPMUHirosi OoguriMedal of Honor with Purple Ribbon2019California Institute of Technology and Kavli IPMUDavid PinesJulius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize2016University of California DavisPierre RamondDannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics2015University of FloridaPierre RamondDirac Medal of the ICTP2020University of FloridaNicholas ReadDirac Medal of the ICTP2015Yale UniversitySubir SachdevDirac Medal of the ICTP2018Harvard UniversityJohn SchwarzPhysics Frontiers Prize2013California Institute of TechnologyBoris ShklovskiiOliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize2019University of MinnesotaDavid SpergelDannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics2015Princeton UniversityIan SpielmanRabi Prize in Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics2015National Institute of Standards and TechnologyDam Thanh SonDirac Medal of the ICTP2018University of ChicagoMatthias TroyerAneesur Rahman Prize for Computational Physics2016MicrosoftMatthias TroyerHamburg Prize for Theoretical Physics2019MicrosoftKaren UhlenbeckAbel Prize2019University of Texas at AustinMigual VirasoroDirac Medal of the ICTP2020Universidad Nacional de General SarmientXiao-Gang WenDirac Medal of the ICTP2018Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyXiao-Gang WenOliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize2017Massachusetts Institute of Technology

References