This is a list of Columbiformes species by global population. While numbers are estimates, they have been made by the experts in their fields. For more information on how these estimates were ascertained, see Wikipedia's articles on population biology and population ecology.

This list is not comprehensive, as not all Columbiformes have had their populations quantified.

The IOC World Bird List (version 15.1) recognizes 352 species of Columbiformes, 13 of which are extinct. This list follows IUCN classifications for species names and taxonomy. Where IUCN classifications differ from other ornithological authorities, alternative names and taxonomies are noted.

Some members of Columbiformes are extinct:

Bonin wood pigeon (Columba versicolor) - last observed in 1889; extinct due to deforestation. Ryukyu wood pigeon (Columba jouyi) - last observed in 1936. Passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) - last wild bird was shot in 1900; last captive individual died in 1914. Rodrigues pigeon or Rodrigues turtle dove (Nesoenas rodericanus) - went extinct during the 18th century. Spotted green pigeon or Liverpool pigeon (Caloenas maculata) - known from one specimen, and not seen since 1928. Norfolk ground dove (Pampusana norfolkensis) - poorly described species, known only from subfossils. Extinct sometime after 1790. Not recognized by IUCN/BirdLife International. Tanna ground dove (Pampusana ferruginea) - last observed (only record for species) in 1774. Thick-billed ground dove (Pampusana salamonis) - last observed in 1927. Choiseul pigeon (Microgoura meeki) - last observed in 1904. Dodo (Raphus cucullatus) - extinct circa 1662. Rodrigues solitaire (Pezophaps solitaria) - extinct by end of 1760s. Red-moustached fruit dove (Ptilinopus mercierii) - last observed in 1922. Mauritius blue pigeon (Alectroenas nitidissimus) - extinct between 1832 - 1837.

Species by global population Common nameBinomial namePopulationStatusTrendNotesImage Purple-winged ground dove Claravis geoffroyi 0-49 ? May be extinct. Only one sighting since 2008. Negros fruit dove Ptilinopus arcanus 0-49 ? May be extinct. Last and only specimen collected in 1953. Silvery pigeon Columba argentina 1-49 May be an underestimate, due to difficulty of identification. Sulu bleeding-heart Gallicolumba menagei 1-49 ? May be extinct. Last and only specimens were collected in 1891. Tooth-billed pigeon Didunculus strigirostris 25-75 Total population is estimated to be 50-150 individuals. Mindoro bleeding-heart Gallicolumba platenae 50-249 Total population is estimated to be 70-400 individuals. Negros bleeding-heart Gallicolumba keayi 50-249 Total population is estimated to be 70-400 individuals. Black-naped pheasant-pigeonOtidiphaps insularis50-249IOC taxonomy maintains this species (O. n. insularis) as a subspecies of the pheasant pigeon (O. nobilis). Marquesan ground dovePampusana rubescens 50-249 Blue-eyed ground dove Columbina cyanopis 70-180 Total population is estimated to be 110-260 individuals. Rapa fruit dove Ptilinopus huttoni 97-162 Total population is estimated to be 145-243 individuals. Grenada doveLeptotila wellsi 136-182 Socorro doveZenaida graysoni 150 N/A Value is an approximate value of individuals in captivity. Not recorded in the wild since 1972. Re-introductions are planned. Polynesian ground dovePampusana erythroptera 150 Total population is estimated to be 200 individuals. Nuku Hiva imperial pigeonDucula galeata 200-249 Total population is estimated to be at least 300 individuals. Caroline Islands ground dove (White-fronted ground dove) Pampusana kubaryi 200-500 Total population is estimated to be 312-715 individuals. Santa Cruz ground dove Pampusana sanctaecrucis 218-1,070 Total population is estimated to be 300-1,600 individuals. Palau ground dove Pampusana canifrons 250-999 Total population is likely lower than 500 individuals. Tuxtla quail-doveZentrygon carrikeri 250-999 Total population is estimated to be 350-1,500 individuals.Chatham Islands pigeonHemiphaga chathamensis250-999 Pink pigeon Nesoenas mayeri 250-999 Total population is estimated to fall approximately between 300-500 individuals. Makatea fruit dove Ptilinopus chalcurus 300-1,500 Best estimate for number of mature individuals is 650-750. Total population is estimated to be approximately 1,000 individuals. Tawitawi brown dovePhapitreron cinereiceps 500-2,500 Polynesian imperial pigeon Ducula aurorae 570-1,200 Total population is estimated to be 867-1,677 individuals. White-fronted quail-doveGeotrygon leucometopia600-1,700Total population is estimated to be 1,000-2,499 individuals.Purple quail-doveGeotrygon purpurata600-1,700Total population is estimated to be 1,000-2,499 individuals. Blue-headed quail-dove Starnoenas cyanocephala 600-1,700 Total population is estimated to be 1,000-2,499 individuals. Timor green pigeon Treron psittaceus 660-2,000 Total population is estimated to be 1,000-3,000 individuals. Mindoro imperial pigeonDucula mindorensis 800-3,000 ? Estimate is a preliminary and somewhat arbitrary, based on best guess of species density. Russet-crowned quail-doveZentrygon goldmani800-6,400 Vanuatu imperial pigeon Ducula bakeri 800-23,000 ? Best estimate for number of mature individuals in 2,500-23,000. Total population is estimated to be 1,200 - 35,000 individuals. Raiatea fruit dovePtilinopus chrysogaster1,000-2,499Comoro green pigeonTreron griveaudi1,000-2,499 New Britain bronzewing Henicophaps foersteri 1,000-2,499 Total population is estimated to be less than 5,000 individuals. Rarotonga fruit dove (Lilac-crowned fruit dove)Ptilinopus rarotongensis 1,000-2,499 Total population is estimated to be 560-3,400 individuals. White-tailed laurel pigeon (Laurel pigeon) Columba junoniae 1,000-2,500 ? Total population is estimated to be 1,500-3,800 individuals, though this may be an underestimate. Plain pigeon Patagioenas inornata 1,000-4,100 Total population is estimated to be 1,500-6,100 individuals. Chestnut-bellied imperial pigeonDucula brenchleyi 1,100-19,999 Spotted imperial pigeon Ducula carola 1,200-3,200 Best estimate for number of mature individuals is 2,000-3,200.Taiwan green pigeonTreron formosae1,250-2,000 Wetar ground dove Pampusana hoedtii 1,500-7,000 Total population is estimated to be 2,500-9,999 individuals. Grey-fronted quail-dove Geotrygon caniceps 1,500-7,000 Total population is estimated to be 2,500-9,999 individuals. Comoro olive pigeon Columba pollenii 1,500-7,000 Total population is estimated to be 2,500-9,999 individuals. Yellow-legged pigeon Columba pallidiceps 2,500-9,999 Pale-capped pigeonColumba punicea 2,500-9,999 Total population is estimated to be 3,500-15,000 individuals. Sri Lanka wood pigeon Columba torringtoniae 2,500-9,999 Total population is estimated to be 3,500-15,000 individuals. Western crowned pigeon Goura cristata 2,500-9,999 Total population is estimated to be 3,500-15,000 individuals. Scheepmaker's crowned pigeon Goura scheepmakeri 2,500-9,999 The southern crowned pigeon has been split into this species and Sclater's crowned pigeon (G. sclateri). Ochre-bellied doveLeptotila ochraceiventris 2,500-9,999 Total population is estimated to be 3,500-15,000 individuals. Ring-tailed pigeon Patagioenas caribaea 2,500-9,999 Total population is estimated to be 3,500-15,000 individuals. Dark-eared brown dove (Mindanao brown dove)Phapitreron brunneiceps 2,500-9,999 Carunculated fruit dove Ptilinopus granulifrons 2,500-9,999 Flores green pigeon Treron floris 2,500-9,999 Total population is estimated to be 3,500-15,000 individuals. Pemba green pigeonTreron pembaensis 2,500-9,999 Total population is estimated to be 3,500-15,000 individuals, but this may be a large overestimate.Andaman wood pigeonColumba palumboides2,500-9,999Enggano imperial pigeonDucula oenothorax2,500-9,999Total population is estimated to be 3,500-15,000 individuals.Enggano cuckoo-doveMacropygia cinnamomea2,500-9,999 Peruvian pigeon (Maranon pigeon)Patagioenas oenops 2,500-9,999 Black cuckoo-dove Turacoena modesta 2,500-9,999 Grey-green fruit dovePtilinopus purpuratus2,500-9,999? Dark-tailed laurel pigeon (Bolle's pigeon)Columba bollii 2,500-10,000 Micronesian imperial pigeonDucula oceanica2,500-12,200Best estimate for number of mature individuals in 8,000. Total population is estimated to be 3,800-18,200 individuals São Tomé olive pigeonColumba thomensis 2,600-3,700 Total population is estimated to be 3,893-5,497 individuals. Atoll fruit dovePtilinopus coralensis2,800-5,600Total population is estimated to be 4,200-8,400 individuals.Henderson Island fruit dove (Henderson fruit dove)Ptilinopus insularis3,000-4,000 Whistling dove Ptilinopus layardi 3,000-10,000 Total population is estimated to be 5,000-15,000 individuals. IUCN/BirdLife International give the binomial name Chrysoena viridis.Silver-capped fruit dovePtilinopus richardsii3,300-11,500Precautionary estimate.Pink-bellied imperial pigeonDucula poliocephala5,000-15,000Luzon bleeding-heartGallicolumba luzonica5,000-25,000Cream-bellied fruit dove (Cream-breasted fruit dove)Ptilinopus merrilli5,000-30,000IUCN/BirdLife International place species in genus Ramphiculus. Red-naped fruit dove Ptilinopus dohertyi 5,600-6,000 Mariana fruit dove Ptilinopus roseicapilla 7,500-12,500 Best estimate for number of mature individuals is 10,000. Total population is estimated to be 16,230 individuals. Timor imperial pigeon Ducula cineracea 7,500-20,000 Grey imperial pigeon Ducula pickeringii 7,500-26,500 Total population is estimated to be 9,300-33,000 individuals. Flame-breasted fruit dove Ptilinopus marchei 8,000-15,000 IUCN/BirdLife International place species in genus Ramphiculus. Mindanao bleeding-heart Gallicolumba crinigera >10,000 Population has not been formally estimated, but is "likely to exceed 10,000 mature individuals".Andaman green pigeonTreron chloropterus>10,000Highly uncertain estimate, given unknown impacts of hunting on population. Madeira laurel pigeon (Trocaz pigeon)Columba trocaz 10,000-14,000 Sumba green pigeon Treron teysmannii 10,000-15,000 Yellow-eyed pigeon Columba eversmanni 10,000-19,999 Total population is estimated to be 15,000-30,000 individuals. Large green pigeon Treron capellei 10,000-19,999 Preliminary estimate. Finsch's imperial pigeon Ducula finschii 10,000-19,999 Total population is estimated to be 15,000-30,000 individuals. Victoria crowned pigeon Goura victoria 10,000-19,999 Tolima doveLeptotila conoveri 10,000-19,999 Total population is estimated to be 16,000-44,000 individuals. White-throated ground dovePampusana xanthonura10,000-19,999? Pied cuckoo-dove Reinwardtoena browni 10,000-19,999 Total population is estimated to be 15,000-30,000 individuals.Buru green pigeonTreron aromaticus10,000-19,999 Nilgiri wood pigeonColumba elphinstonii 10,000-50,000 ? Olive-backed quail-doveLeptotrygon veraguensis20,000-49,999Chiriquí quail-doveZentrygon chiriquensis20,000-49,999Buff-fronted quail-doveZentrygon costaricensis20,000-49,999Purplish-backed quail-doveZentrygon lawrencii20,000-49,999 Buru mountain pigeon Gymnophaps mada 20,000-50,000 São Tomé green pigeon Treron sanctithomae 24,670-72,840 Total population is estimated to be 37,007-109,255 individuals. Christmas Island imperial pigeon (Christmas imperial pigeon) Ducula whartoni 35,000-66,000 Best estimate for mature individuals is 50,000. Bridled quail-doveGeotrygon mystacea36,000-240,000Total population is estimated to be 45,000-300,000 individuals. Yellowish imperial pigeonDucula subflavescens 38,000-249,000 Total population is estimated to be 57,000-373,000 individuals. Brown-backed dove