Matthes is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Agneta Matthes (1847–1909), Dutch entrepreneur Heinrich Matthes (1902–1978), German SS-Scharführer Josef Friedrich Matthes (1886–1943), head of the Rhenish Republic Klaus Matthes (1931–1998), German mathematician Lothar Matthes (1947–2025), German diver Marion Charles Matthes (1906–1980), United States federal judge Michael Matthes, French organist Paul Matthes (1879–1948), German footballer Roland Matthes (1950–2019), German backstroke swimmer Ruthie Matthes (born 1965), American bicycle racer Sven Matthes (born 1969), German sprinter Ulrich Matthes (born 1959), German actor
See also Matthes Crest Matthes Langhoff