Alanson is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:
Given name: Alanson H. Barnes (1817–1890), American judge Alanson W. Beard (1825–1900), American politician Alanson Beers (1808–1853), American pioneer and politician Alanson Cooke (1811–1904), Canadian businessman and politician Alanson Crossman (died 1853), American blacksmith and politician Alanson Harris (1816–1894), Canadian businessman Alanson Holly (1810–1882), American newspaper editor and politician Alanson Hodges Hough (1803–1886), American physician and politician Alanson B. Houghton (1863–1941), American businessman, politician and diplomat Alanson M. Kimball (1827–1913), American politician Alanson T. Lincoln (1858–1925), American politician Alanson W. Nightingill (1826–1870), American county sheriff Alanson Merwin Randol (1837–1887), Union Army officer Alanson Skinner (1794–1876), American manufacturer and politician Alanson Sweet (1804–1891), American pioneer, businessman and politician Alanson B. Vaughan (1806–1876), American politician Alanson Weeks (1877–1947), American football player
Surname: Craig Alanson, American author and audio playwright Mazhar Alanson (born 1950), Turkish musician and actor Robert Alanson, 16th-century English politician William Alanson, 16th-century English politician