The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to anesthesia:
Anesthesia – pharmacologically induced and reversible state of amnesia, analgesia, loss of responsiveness, loss of skeletal muscle reflexes or decreased sympathetic nervous system, or all simultaneously. This allows patients to undergo surgery and other procedures without the distress and pain they would otherwise experience. An alternative definition is a "reversible lack of awareness," including a total lack of awareness (e.g. a general anesthetic) or a lack of awareness of a part of the body such as a spinal anesthetic.
Description of anesthesia
Anesthesia can be described as all of the following: Medical procedure Medical specialty
Types of anesthesia General Spinal Epidural Local (Topical) Sedation / Twilight Dental (Inferior alveolar nerve) Neuroleptanalgesic anesthesia Nerve block
History of anesthesia History of general anesthesia History of neuraxial anesthesia History of tracheal intubation
Plants/animals Aconite Castoreum cannabis Coca Deadly nightshade Henbane Lactucarium Mandrake Metel nut Opium Poison hemlock Saussurea Toloatzin Willow
People Abulcasis Avenzoar Avicenna Celsus Dioscorides Galen Hippocrates Rhazes Sabuncuoğlu Sushrutha Theophrastus Zhang
Compounds Aconitine Δ9-THC Atropine Cocaine Coniine Hyoscyamine Morphine Salicylate Scopolamine
General anesthetic drugs
General anaesthetic Benzodiazepine Etomidate FlyNap Infiltration analgesia Inhalational anaesthetic Ketamine Local anesthetic Methohexital Midazolam Neuraxial blockade Propofol Thiopental Thiopentone
Anesthetic techniques Airway management Anesthesia provision in the US Capnography Concentration effect Dogliotti's principle Drug-induced amnesia Fink effect Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring Laryngoscopy Nerve block
Complications
Agitated emergence Allergic reactions Anesthesia awareness Local anesthetic toxicity Malignant hyperthermia Perioperative mortality Postanesthetic shivering Postoperative nausea and vomiting Postoperative residual curarization
Measurements ASA physical status classification system Baricity Bispectral index Direct Fick method Entropy monitoring Fick principle Goldman index Guedel's classification Mallampati score Minimum alveolar concentration Neuromuscular monitoring
Instruments used in anesthesiology Instruments used in anesthesiology Anaesthetic machine Anesthesia cart Boyle's machine Double-lumen endobronchial tube Gas cylinder Laryngeal mask airway Medical monitor Odom's indicator Relative analgesia machine Tracheal tube Vaporiser
Fields of study
Cardiothoracic Geriatric Oral sedation dentistry
Professions
Anesthesiologist Anesthesiologist assistant Nurse anesthetist Certified Anesthesia Technician Certified Anesthesia Technologist Anaesthetic technician
Organizations
American Association of Nurse Anesthetists American Society of Anesthesia Technologists & Technicians American Society of Anesthesiologists Anaesthesia Trauma and Critical Care Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists Australian Society of Anaesthetists International Anesthesia Research Society
Anesthesia publications
Anesthesia & Analgesia Anesthesiology' British Journal of Anaesthesia
Persons influential in anesthesia
August Bier Crawford Long William T. G. Morton James Young Simpson Horace Wells
References
External links
American Association of Nurse Anesthetists American Society of Anesthesiologists American Academy of Anesthesiologist Assistants