This article lists the heads of state of modern Vietnam since 1945, from the establishment of the Empire of Vietnam to the present day.
List of governors-general The following have held the position of governor-general of French Indochina.
Pre–1945 Tenure start Tenure end Incumbent NotesFrench Indochina formed (Cambodia, Annam, Tonkin, and Cochinchina, and from 19 April 1899, Laos)Governors-general16 November 188722 April 1888Jean Antoine Ernest ConstansProvisional22 April 188830 May 1889Étienne Antoine Guillaume RichaudActing until 8 September 188831 May 188918 April 1891Georges Jules Piquet18 April 189126 June 1891François Marie Leon BideauActing26 June 189129 December 1894Jean Marie Antoine de Lanessan10 March 189426 October 1894Léon Jean Laurent ChavassieuxActing for Lanessan29 December 189416 March 1895François Pierre RodierActing16 March 189510 December 1896Paul Armand Rosseau21 October 189514 March 1896Paul Julien Auguste FourèsActing for Rosseau. 1st time10 December 189613 February 1897Paul Julien Auguste FourèsActing. 2nd time13 February 189714 March 1902Joseph Athanase Paul Doumer Future president of France.29 September 189824 January 1899Paul Julien Auguste FourèsActing for Doumer. 3rd time16 February 190120 August 1901Édouard Alfred Marie BroniActing for Doumer. 1st time14 March 190214 October 1902Édouard Alfred Marie BroniActing. 2nd time15 October 190228 February 1908Jean Baptiste Paul Beau28 February 190823 September 1908Louis Alphonse BonhoureActing24 September 190817 February 1911Antony Wladislas Klobukowski13 January 191010 June 1910Albert Jean George Marie Louis PicquiéActing for Klobukowski17 February 191114 November 1911Paul Louis LuceActing15 November 191122 November 1913Albert-Pierre Sarraut1st time22 November 19133 March 1915Joost van VollenhovenActing3 March 191522 May 1916Ernest Nestor Roume23 May 191621 January 1917Jean-François dit Eugène CharlesActing22 January 19179 December 1919Albert-Pierre Sarraut2nd time22 May 191919 February 1920Maurice Antoine François MonguillotActing. 1st time20 February 192015 April 1922Maurice Long18 November 192031 March 1921Joseph Maurice Le GallenActing for Long15 April 19229 August 1923François Marius BaudouinActing9 August 192323 April 1925Martial Henri Merlin23 April 192518 November 1925Maurice Antoine François Monguillot2nd time18 November 192522 August 1928Alexandre Varenne4 October 192616 May 1927Pierre Marie Antoine PasquierActing for Varenne. 1st time1 November 19277 August 1928Maurice Antoine François MonguillotActing for Varenne. 3rd time7 August 192826 December 1928Eugène Jean Louis René RobertActing. 1st time26 December 192815 January 1934Pierre Marie Antoine Pasquier2nd time1 December 193030 June 1931Eugène Jean Louis René RobertActing for Pasquier. 2nd time15 January 193423 July 1934Maurice Fernand GraffeuilActing23 July 19349 September 1936Eugène Jean Louis René RobertActing for Pasquier. 3rd time9 September 193614 January 1937Achille Louis Auguste SilvestreActing14 January 193720 August 1939Joseph-Jules Brévié20 August 193925 June 1940Georges CatrouxActing25 June 19409 March 1945Jean DecouxInterim until 29 August 1940. Continued serving after the Japanese invasion; deposed in the Japanese coup d'étatJapanese military occupation9 March 194528 August 1945Yuitsu TsuchihashiJapanese military commander in Indochina and provisional governor-general9 March 194515 August 1945Acting for Tsuchihashi10 April 1945September 1945Gabriel SabattierPGFR delegate-general; in opposition to Japanese occupation after the coup. Retreated with remaining troops to China in MayAllied military administration14 September 194514 May 1946Lu HanMilitary governor (Republic of China), above 16th parallel13 September 194528 March 1946Douglas GraceyMilitary governor (United Kingdom), below 16th parallel
Post–1945 Portrait Name Term of office Took office Left office Time in office High commissioner Commissioners-general
List of administrators of the French colony of Cochinchina
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
TenureIncumbentNotesFrench Suzerainty1 September 1858 to 1 November 1859Charles Rigault de Genouilly, Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Division of Réunion and Indochina, and Commander-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Corps of the Chinese Seas1 November 1859 to 6 February 1861Théogène François Page, Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Division of the Chinese Seas1 September 1858 to 18 February 1859Charles Rigault de Genouilly, GovernorIn Tourane 19 October 1859 to 23 March 1860Théogène François Page, GovernorIn Tourane18 February 1859 to 1859Charles Rigault de Genouilly, GovernorIn Saigon; the city became permanent administrative seatMarch 1859 to 1 April 1860Jean Bernard Jauréguiberry, Acting Governor1 April 1860 to 6 February 1861Théogène François Page, Governor1 April 1860 to 6 February 1861Joseph Hyacinthe Louis Jules d'Ariès, Acting GovernorActing for Page6 February 1861 to 30 November 1861Léonard Victor Joseph Charner, Governor30 November 1861 to 16 October 1863Louis Adolphe Bonard, Governor16 October 1863 to 31 March 1865Pierre-Paul de La Grandière, Governor1st time1 April 1865 to 28 November 1865Pierre Gustave Roze, Interim Governor28 November 1865 to 4 April 1868Pierre Paul de La Grandière, Governor2nd time4 April 1868 to 10 December 1869Gustave Ohier, Acting Governor10 December 1869 to 9 January 1870Joseph Faron, Interim Governor9 January 1870 to 1 April 1871René de Cornulier-Lucinière, Governor1 April 1871 to 16 March 1872Marie Jules Dupré, Governor1st time16 March 1872 to 16 December 1872Charles Joseph Basher d'Arbaud, Acting Governor16 December 1872 to 15 March 1874Marie Jules Dupré, Governor2nd time16 March 1874 to 30 November 1874Jules François Émile Krantz, Acting Governor30 November 1874 to 31 January 1876Victor Auguste, baron Duperré, Governor1st time1 February 1876 to 6 July 1876Henri Gaëtan Ernest Bossant, Acting Governor7 July 1876 to 16 October 1877Victor Auguste, baron Duperré, Governor2nd time16 October 1877 to 7 July 1879Louis Charles Georges Jules Lafont, Governor7 July 1879 to 7 November 1882Charles Le Myre de Vilers, Governor4 March 1881 to 31 October 1881Arthur de Trentinian, Acting GovernorActing for de Vilers7 November 1882 to 27 July 1885Charles Antoine François Thomson, Governor27 July 1885 to 19 June 1886Charles Auguste Frédéric Bégin, Governor20 June 1886 to 22 October 1887Ange Michel Filippini, Governor23 October 1887 to 2 November 1887Noël Pardon, Acting Governor 3 November 1887 to 15 November 1887Jules Georges Piquet, Acting Governor3 November 1887 to 15 January 1888Jean Antoine Ernest Constans, Lieutenant Governor15 January 1888 to 2 August 1888Eugène Auguste Navelle, Lieutenant Governor3 August 1888 to 25 August 1888Eugène Auguste Navelle, acting director of Local Service25 August 1888 to 16 May 1889Paul Louis Maxime Céloron de Blainville, Director of Local Service21 May 1889 to 9 August 1889Augustin Julien Fourès, Acting Lieutenant Governor1st time9 August 1889 to 11 September 1892Henri-Eloi Danel, Lieutenant Governor11 September 1892 to 25 March 1894Augustin Julien Fourès, Lieutenant Governor2nd time, acting to 21 October 189225 March 1894 to 15 September 1894Eugène Auguste Navelle, Acting Lieutenant Governor 15 September 1894 to 18 July 1895Augustin Julien Fourès, Lieutenant Governor3rd time18 July 1895 to 22 March 1896Alexandre Antoine Étienne Gustave Ducos, Lieutenant Governor1st time22 March 1896 to 19 November 1896Gustave Guillaume Sandret, Acting Lieutenant Governor19 November 1896 to 9 May 1897Alexandre Antoine Étienne Gustave Ducos, Lieutenant Governor2nd time10 May 1897 to 1 January 1898Ange Eugène Nicolai, Acting Lieutenant Governor1 January 1898 to 11 April 1899Édouard Picanon, Lieutenant Governor1st time11 April 1899 to 1 November 1900Ferdinand Georges Jules Bocquet, Acting Lieutenant Governor 1 November 1900 to 28 July 1901Édouard Picanon, Lieutenant Governor2nd time28 July 1901 to 3 September 1901Louis Paul Luce, Acting Lieutenant Governor5 September 1901 to 18 September 1902Henri Félix de Lamothe, Lieutenant Governor18 September 1902 to 10 March 1906François Pierre Rodier, Lieutenant Governor1st time10 March 1906 to February 1907Olivier Charles Arthur de Lalande de Calan, Acting Lieutenant GovernorFebruary 1907 to 29 June 1907François Pierre Rodier, Lieutenant Governor2nd time29 June 1907 to 18 February 1908Louis Alphonse Bonhoure, Lieutenant Governor1st time18 February 1908 to 23 September 1908Ernest Outrey, Acting Lieutenant Governor1st time23 September 1908 to 9 January 1909Louis Alphonse Bonhoure, Lieutenant Governor2nd time9 January 1909 to 15 June 1909Ernest Outrey, Acting Lieutenant Governor2nd time16 June 1909 to December 1911Jules Maurice Gourbeil, Lieutenant GovernorDecember 1911 to 22 March 1912Jules Maurice Gourbeil, Governor1st time22 March 1912 to 13 December 1912Leon Destenay, Acting Governor13 December 1912 to January 1914Jules Maurice Gourbeil, Governor2nd time31 January 1914 to 7 July 1914Maurice Joseph Le Gallen, Acting Governor1st time7 July 1914 to 26 April 1916Jules Maurice Gourbeil, Governor3rd time26 April 1916 to 1917Louis Félix Marie Édouard Rivet, Acting Governor9 October 1917 to 22 June 1920Maurice Joseph Le Gallen, Governor2nd time22 June 1918 to 20 February 1920Georges René Gaston Maspéro, Acting GovernorActing for Le Gallen20 February 1920 to 18 November 1920Maurice Joseph Le Gallen, Acting Governor3rd time18 November 1920 to 14 February 1922Paul Achille Michel Quesnel, Acting Governor14 February 1922 to 1926Maurice Cognacq, GovernorActing to 12 April 192224 May 1924 to 17 December 1924Auguste Eugène Ludovic Tholance, Acting GovernorActing for Cognacq19 April 1926 to 30 December 1926Aristide Eugène Le Fol, Acting Governor30 December 1926 to 12 January 1929Paul Marie Alexis Joseph Blanchard de la Brosse, Governor12 January 1929 to 6 March 1929Eugène Henri Roger Eutrope, Interim Governor6 March 1929 to 1934Jean-Félix Krautheimer, Governor 21 November 1931 to 11 November 1932Eugène Henri Roger Eutrope, Acting GovernorActing for Krautheimer20 May 1934 to 1939Pierre André Michel Pagès, Governor1 March 1936 to 12 October 1936Henri Georges Rivoal, Acting GovernorActing for Pagès12 May 1939 to 1940René Veber, Governor16 November 1940 to 1942Henri Georges Rivoal, GovernorActing to 11 December 1940 21 November 1942 to 9 March 1945Ernest Thimothée Hoeffel, GovernorActing to 16 March 1943Japanese Suzerainty9 March 1945 to 15 August 1945Fujio Minoda, GovernorVietnamese Administration1945 to 25 August 1945Nguyen Van Sam, Imperial Representative in the South25 August 1945 to 23 September 1945Tran Van Giau, President of the Provisional Executive CommitteeIn oppositionAllied Control13 Sep 1945 to 28 Mar 1946Douglas David Gracey, Military CommanderFrom United KingdomFrench Suzerainty24 August 1945 to 1947Jean Henri Arsène Cédile, Commissioner in Cochinchina and South Annam20 May 1947 to 6 August 1947Robert Dufour, Acting Commissioner6 August 1947 to 21 November 1949Pierre Boyer De LaTour du Moulin, Interim Commissioner21 November 1949 to 31 July 1951Charles Chanson, CommissionerKilled by a caodaist suicide bomber1 August 1951 to 27 September 1951Raoul Albin Louis Salan, Acting Commissioner27 September 1951 to 27 April 1953Paul Louis Bondis, Commissioner
Empire of Dai Nam (1802–1883), Annam and Tonkin Protectorates (1883–1945), and Empire of Vietnam (1945)
Nguyễn dynasty (1802–1945)
Nguyễn dynasty (1802–1945) 93918021945