Agnes of Hesse-Kassel (14 May 1606 – 28 May 1650) was a princess of Hesse-Kassel by birth and by marriage Princess of Anhalt-Dessau.
Life Agnes was a daughter of Landgrave Maurice of Hesse-Kassel from his second marriage to Juliane of Nassau-Siegen, the daughter of Count John VII of Nassau-Siegen. She was raised together with her siblings. She spoke six languages and composed music.
On 18 May 1623 she married Prince John Casimir of Anhalt-Dessau. During the Thirty Years' War, she managed to soften the plight of Anhalt-Dessau by negotiating with the generals, both orally and in writing. She was considered a keen economist and mathematician. In 1645, she built a fortified house in Nischwitz, which was later developed into Oranienbaum Castle.
Issue From her marriage Agnes had the following children: Maurice (1624-1624) Dorothea (1625-1626) Juliane (1626-1652) John George II (1627-1693), who was Prince of Anhalt-Dessau from 1660 to 1693 married in 1659 to Princess Henriette Catherine of Nassau (1637-1708) Louise (1631-1680) married in 1648 to Duke Christian of Brzeg (1618-1672) Agnes (1644-1644)
References August B. Michaelis: Einleitung zu einer volständigen Geschichte der Chur- und Fürstlichen Häuser ..., p. 624, Online Christian August Wichmann: Geschichte berühmter Frauenzimmer, p. 741, Online