Bias is an inclination toward something, or a predisposition, partiality, prejudice, preference, or predilection.
Bias may also refer to:
Scientific method and statistics The bias introduced into an experiment through a confounder Algorithmic bias, machine learning algorithms that exhibit politically unacceptable behavior Cultural bias, interpreting and judging phenomena in terms particular to one's own culture Funding bias, bias relative to the commercial interests of a study's financial sponsor Reactivity, may result in a bias when participants behave differently when they know they are being observed. In survey research this is sometimes called response bias. Demand characteristics, is when participants change their behaviour to fit their interpretation of the experiment's purpose Observer-expectancy effect, is when researcher expectations influence participant behaviour (see also Pygmalion effect) Social-desirability bias, is when participants adapt their behaviour to what they perceive to be social norms and expectations Hawthorne effect, often relates to improving performance in response to an intervention John Henry effect, sometimes relates to a behavioural change due to rivalry between groups, which may have negative outcomes Infrastructure bias, the influence of existing social or scientific infrastructure on scientific observations Publication bias, bias toward publication of certain experimental results Bias (statistics), the systematic distortion of a statistic Biased sample, a sample falsely taken to be typical of a population Estimator bias, a bias from an estimator whose expectation differs from the true value of the parameter Personal equation, a concept in 19th- and early 20th-century science that each observer had an inherent bias when it came to measurements and observations Reporting bias, a bias resulting from what is and is not reported in research, either by participants in the research or by the researcher.
Cognitive science Cognitive bias, any of a wide range of effects identified in cognitive science. Confirmation bias, tendency of people to favor information that confirm their beliefs of hypothesis See List of cognitive biases for a comprehensive list
Mathematics and engineering
Exponent bias, the constant offset of an exponent's value Inductive bias, the set of assumptions that a machine learner uses to predict outputs of given inputs that it has not encountered. Weight and bias, two terms used to describe parameters in a neural network. Seat bias, any bias in a method of apportionment that favors either large or small parties over the other
Electricity Biasing, a voltage or current added to an electronic device to move its operating point to a desired part of its transfer function Grid bias of a vacuum tube, used to control the electron flow from the heated cathode to the positively charged anode Tape bias (also AC bias), a high-frequency signal (generally from 40 to 150 kHz) added to the audio signal recorded on an analog tape recorder
Places Bias, Landes, on the coast in southwestern France Bias, Lot-et-Garonne, in southwestern France Bias, West Virginia, a community in the United States Bias Bay, now called Daya Bay, in Guangdong Province, China Bias River, a river in north-western India
People Bias (mythology), multiple figures in Greek mythology Bias Brahmin, a Brahmin community found in India Bias of Priene, one of the Seven Sages of Greece Bias, a Spartan commander caught in an ambush by the Athenian general Iphicrates Fanny Bias (1789–1825), French dancer, one of the first who raised on pointes Len Bias (1963–1986), American basketball player Oliver Bias (born 2001), footballer Tiffany Bias (born 1992), Thai basketball player
Organisations BIAS (Berkley Integrated Audio Software), a software company specializing in sound processing software such as Peak and SoundSoap Bremer Institut für angewandte Strahltechnik (BIAS), a research institute dedicated to applied laser optics Belgian International Air Services (BIAS), a former airline from Belgium (1959–80) Birla Institute of Applied Sciences (BIAS), a higher education institute located in Bhimtal, Uttaranchal, India
In other areas Bias (book), a book by journalist Bernard Goldberg Bias (bird), the genus of the black-and-white shrike-flycatcher Bias (textile) of a woven fabric, the 45-degree diagonal line along which it is most stretchable Bias frame, an image obtained from an opto-electronic image sensor, with no actual exposure time Bias ratio (finance), an indicator used in finance to analyze the returns of investment portfolios, and in performing due diligence Media bias, the influence journalists and news producers have in selecting stories to report and how they are covered 38050 Bias, an asteroid
See also Handedness Bias-ply