Monarchy of Cambodia

The monarchy of Cambodia is the constitutional monarchy of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The king of Cambodia () is the head of state and head of the ruling Royal House of Norodom. In the contemporary period, the king's power has been limited to that of a symbolic figurehead. The monarchy had been in existence since at least 50 AD except during its abolition from 1970 to 1993. Since 1993, the king of Cambodia has been an elected monarch, making Cambodia one of the few elective monarchies of the world. The king is elected for life by the Royal Council of the Throne, which consists of several senior political and religious figures. Candidates are chosen from among male descendants of King Ang Duong who are at least 30 years old, from the two royal houses of Cambodia (the House of Norodom and the House of Sisowath).

Role Cambodia's constitution, promulgated in 1993, stipulates the king's role as a mainly ceremonial one. It declares that the king "shall reign, but not govern"The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 7. as well as being the "symbol of national unity and continuity".The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 8.

The king performs important functions of state as required by the constitution. These include but are not limited to:

Appointing the prime minister and the Cabinet.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter X, Article 119. Convening over the opening of the two legislative bodies, the National Assembly of Cambodia and the Senate of Cambodia.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VII, Article 82.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VIII, Article 106. Serving as the supreme commander of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 23. Presiding over the Supreme Council of the National Defense.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 24. Meeting with the prime minister on a semi-monthly basis in which the king is briefed on matters of state.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 20. Signing the royal code/decree that gives effect to laws enacted by the legislature and proposals by the cabinet.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Articles 26 and 28. Acting as "supreme arbiter" to enable the functioning of state institutions.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 9. Receiving credentials from ambassadors.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 25. Possessing the power of commutation and pardon.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 27. Presiding over the Supreme Council of the Magistracy.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 21.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter XI, Article 134. Appointing a fixed number of members to serve on state institutions such as the Senate and the Constitutional Council.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VIII, Article 100.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter XII, Article 137. Awarding of national honours.The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 29.

The king also fulfils other roles not explicitly mentioned in the constitution in his capacity as head of state, for example, presiding over events of national significance"Cambodian king,..." including religious ceremonies and traditions integral to the Khmer nation,"Cambodia marks..." supporting humanitarian and philanthropic causes,"$1 million royal gift..." and representing Cambodia abroad when undertaking official visits overseas. Although there have been female rulers in the past, the 1993 constitution currently forbids women from succeeding to the throne.

Ministry of the Royal Palace The Ministry of the Royal Palace, currently overseen by Minister Kuy Sophal in conjunction with the Supreme Privy Advisory Council, formerly headed by the King's half-brother Prince Norodom Ranariddh and now headed by former Prime Minister Hun Sen assists and advises the king accordingly in carrying out his duties as monarch.

Mythological history Sage Kambu Swayambhuva

Ancient period (68–1431) Funan (68–627) Order Monarch Name in foreign texts Reign 1 Soma (♀) (traditional Khmer: Neang Neak) 68 – later 1st century 2 Kaundinya I (traditional Khmer: Preah Tong) later 1st century 3 Native name unknown later 2nd century – 198 4 Native name unknown 198–201 5 Śrīmāraña Fan Shiman 201–225 6 Native name unknown 225 7 Native name unknown 225–244 8 Native name unknown 244 9 Native name unknown 244–289 Unknown rulers: 289–c.357 10 Candana Tiānzhú Zhāntán c.357 Unknown rulers: c.357–410 11 Kaundinya II Qiáochénrú 410–434 12 Chílítuóbámó 434–435 Unknown rulers: 435–484 13 Jayavarman Kaundinya Shéyébámó 484–51414Kulaprabhavati (♀)Chinese name unknown514–517 15 Rudravarman Liútuóbámó 514–550 Unknown rulers: 550–627

Source:

Chenla (550–802) Order Monarch Personal name Reign 1 Srutavarman Srutavarman 550–555 2 Sreshthavarman Sreshthavarman 555–560 3 Vīravarman Viravarman 560–575 4 Kambuja-raja-lakshmi (♀) Kambujarajalakshmi 575–580 5 Bhavavarman I Bhavavarman 580–600 6 Mahendravarman Chet Sen 600–616 7 Isanavarman I Isanavarman 616–635 8 Bhavavarman II Bhavavarman 639–657 9 Jayavarman I Jayavarman 657–681 10 Jayadevi (♀) Jayadevi c.681–713 Female successors of Sambhupura 11 Indrani (♀) Indrani c.713–760 12 Nṛpatendradevī (♀) Nrpatendradevi c.760–780 13 Jayendrabhā (♀) Jayendrabha c.780–802 14 Jyeṣṭhāryā (♀) Jyestharya c.802–803 Male successors of 11 Pushkaraksha c.713–730 12 Shambhuvarman c.730–760 13 Rajendravarman c.760–770 14 Mahipativarman Mahipativarman c.770–780 15 Jayavarman II Jayavarman c.780–802

Source:

Khmer Empire (802–1431) Order Monarch Personal name Reign 1 Jayavarman II Jayavarman 802–850 2 Jayavarman III Jayavarthon 850–877 3 Indravarman I Indravarman 877–889 4 Yasovarman I Yasovarthon 889–910 5 Harshavarman I Harshavarman 910–923 6 Ishanavarman II Isanavarman 923–928 7 Jayavarman IV Jayavarman 928–941 8 Harshavarman II Harshavarman 941–944 9 Rajendravarman II Rajedravarman 944–968 10 Jayavarman V Jayavarman 968–1001 11 Udayadityavarman I Udayadityavarman 1001–1002 12 Jayavirahvarman Jayavirahvarman 1002–1006 13 Suryavarman I Suryavarman 1006–1050 14 Udayadityavarman II Udayadityavarman 1050–1066 15 Harshavarman III Harshavarman 1066–1080 16 Nripatindravarman Nripatindravarman 1080–1113 17 Jayavarman VI Jayavarman 1080–1107 18 Dharanindravarman I Dharanindravarman 1107–1113 19 Suryavarman II Suryavarman 1113–1150 20 Dharanindravarman II Dharanindravarman 1150–1156 21 Yasovarman II Yasovarman 1156–1165 22 Tribhuvanadityavarman Tribhuvanadityavarman 1165–1177 Cham invasion by Jaya Indravarman: 1177–1181 23 Jayavarman VII Jayavarthon 1181–1218 24 Indravarman II Indrakumara 1218–1243 The first major Thai kingdom was created in Sukhothai, an area formerly ruled by Lavo in vassalage to Angkor: 1238 25 Jayavarman VIII Jayavarman 1243–1295 26 Indravarman III Srei Indravama 1295–1308 27 Indrajayavarman Srei Jayavama 1308–1327 28 Jayavarman IX Jayavama Borommesvarah 1327–1336 29 Trasak Paem Ponhea Chey 1336–1340 30 Nippean Bat Ponhea Kreak 1340–1346 31 Sithean Reachea Sidhanta Raja 1346–1347 32 Lompong Reachea Trasak Peam 1347–1352 Occupation by Uthong of Ayutthaya: 1352–1357 33 Soryavong Soryavong 1357–1363 34 Barom Reameathibtei Damkhat 1363–1373 35 Thomma Saok Kaeo Fa 1373–1393 Occupation by Ramesuan of Ayutthaya: 1393–1394 (5 months) 36 Borom Reachea I Ponhea Yat 1394–1431 Ayutthaya invasion and fall of Angkor: 1431

Middle period (1431–1863) Chaktomuk era (1431–1525) NamePortrait Personal Name ReignBorom Reachea I Ponhea Yat 1431–1463Noreay Reameathiptei Narayanaraja 1463–1469Reachea Reameathiptei Sri Raja 1469–1475Srei Soriyotei Rajadhiraja 1472–1475Thommo Reachea I Dhammarajadhiraja 1476–1504Srei Sukonthor Damkhat Sukonthor 1504–1512

Longvek era (1525–1594) NamePortrait Personal Name ReignSrei Chettha Sdach Korn 1512–1521 Civil war: Srei Chettha and Chan Reachea war: 1516–1525Chan Reachea Ponhea Chan 1516–1566Baraminreachea Satha Mahindharaja 1566–1576Satha I Barom Reachea IV 1576–1584Chey Chettha I Chey Chettha 1584–1594 Ayutthaya invasion and fall of Longvek: 1591–1594

Srei Santhor era (1594–1620) NamePortrait Personal NameReignPreah Ram IReamea Cheung Prey1594–1596Preah Ram IIKeo Ban On1596–1597Paramaraja II (Barom Reachea II)Ponhea Ton1597–1599Paramaraja III (Barom Reachea III)Ponhea An1599–1600Kaev Hua IPonhea Nhom1600–1603Paramaraja IV (Barom Reachea IV)Srei Soriyopor1603–1618

Oudong era (1620–1863) NamePortrait Personal NameReignRelationship to predecessorChey Chettha II 1618–1628SonDhammaraja II (Thommo Reachea II) Ponhea To 1628–1631SonAng Tong Reachea Ponhea Nou 1631–1640BrotherPadumaraja (Batom Reachea) Ang Non 1640–1642CousinRamadhipati (Reameathiptei I) or Sultan Ibrahim Ponhea Chan 1642–1658CousinParamaraja V (Barom Reachea V) Ang So 1658–1672CousinChey Chettha III 1672–1673NephewKaev Hua II Ang Chee 1673–1674CousinBatom Reachea III Ang Nan 1674Chey Chettha IV Ang Sor 1675–1695, 1696–1699, 1700–1702 and 1703–1706Tey (♀) 1687MotherOutey I Ang Yong1695–1696Cousin once removedParama Ramadhipati (Barom Reameathiptei) Ang Em1699–1700 and 1710–1722Dhammaraja III (Thommo Reachea III) Ang Tham 1702–1703, 1706–1709 and 1736–1747Satha II Ang Chey 1722–1736 and 1749Dhammaraja IV (Thommo Reachea IV) Ang Em 1747Ramadhipati III (Reameathiptei III) Ang Tong 1748–1749, 1755–1758Brother-in-lawChey Chettha V Ang Snguon 1749–1755Brother-in-lawUdayaraja II (Outey Reachea II) Ang Ton 1758–1775Cousin twice removedReam Reachea Ang Non II 1775–1779Cousin once removedNarayanaraja III (Neareay Reachea III) Ang Eng 1779–1782, 1794–1796Cousin twice removed Regency, Outey Reachea III being a minor: 1796–1806Udayaraja III (Outey Reachea III) Ang Chan II 1806–1834SonAng Mey (♀) Ksat Trey 1835–1840, 1844–1846DaughterHariraksa Rama Issaradhipati (Harireak Reamea Issarathiptei) Ang Duong 1848–1860UncleNorodom ProhmbarirakAng Voddey19 October 1860–11 August 1863Son

Modern period (1863–present)

French protectorate of Cambodia (1863–1953) NamePortraitHouseBirthDeathRelationship to predecessorNorodom Prohmbarirak11 August 1863–24 April 1904Norodom3 February 1834Angkor Borei24 April 1904Phnom PenhAged: SonSisowath Chamchakrapong27 April 1904–9 August 1927Sisowath7 September 1840Mongkol Borey9 August 1927Phnom PenhAged: Half-brotherSisowath Monivong9 August 1927–23 April 1941Sisowath27 December 1875Phnom Penh23 April 1941KampotAged: SonNorodom Sihanouk24 April 1941–2 March 1955Norodom31 October 1922Phnom Penh15 October 2012BeijingAged: Maternal grandson

First Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970) NamePortraitHouseBirthDeathRelationship to predecessorNorodom Suramarit3 March 1955–3 April 1960Norodom6 March 1896Phnom Penh3 April 1960Phnom PenhAged: Father Sisowath Kossamak (♀)20 June 1960–9 October 1970Sisowath<br/ >Norodom9 April 1904Phnom Penh27 April 1975BeijingAged: Consort

Second Kingdom of Cambodia (1993–present) NamePortraitHouseBirthDeathRelationship to predecessorNorodom Sihanouk24 September 1993–7 October 2004Norodom31 October 1922Phnom Penh15 October 2012BeijingAged: SonNorodom Sihamoni14 October 2004–presentNorodom14 May 1953Phnom PenhLivingAge: Son

Royal symbols

Monarchy of Cambodia

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