Toraja-Sadan (also Toraja, Sadan, South Toraja) is an Austronesian language spoken in South Sulawesi and West Sulawesi, Indonesia by the Toraja people. It shares the name Tae with East Toraja. Most of the Toraja language mapping was done by Dutch missionaries working in Sulawesi, such as Nicolaus Adriani and Hendrik van der Veen.
Phonology +VowelsFrontCentralBackCloseMidOpen
+ConsonantsLabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottalNasalPlosive/Affricatevoiceless()voiced()Fricative()RhoticLateralApproximant Sounds [tʃ, dʒ] are heard from Indonesian loanwords. /h/ only rarely occurs.
In final position, only , , and can occur.
Alphabet Vocals A I U E Oh
Consonants B C D G H J K L M N P R T W Y
Diphthong Ng
Quotation marks '
Numbers Indonesian Toraja Nol (Zero) Satu (One) Misa' Dua (Two) Da'dua Tiga (Three) Tallu Empat (Four) A'pa' Lima (Five) Lima Enam (Six) Annan Tujuh (Seven) Pitu Delapan (Eight) Karua Sembilan (Nine) Kasera Sepuluh (Ten) Sangpulo Sebelas (Eleven) Sangpulo misa' Dua belas (Twelve) Sangpulo da'dua Dua puluh (Twenty) Duang pulo Tiga puluh (Thirty) Tallung pulo Empat puluh (Forty) Patang pulo Lima puluh (Fifty) Limang pulo Enam puluh (Sixty) Annan pulo Tujuh puluh (Seventy) Pitung pulo Delapan puluh (Eighty) Karuang pulo Sembilan puluh (Ninety) Kaserang pulo Seratus (One hundred) Saratu' Seribu (One thousand) Sang sa'bu
Dialects The Toraja-Sa'dan language has several dialects, including: Makale (Tallulembangna) Rantepao (Kesu’, North Toraja) West Toraja (Mappa-Pana) South Toraja (Luwu, Kamanre, Bastem, Latimojong)
References
Further reading
Accessed 21 Jan. 2023.