Phasmoconus is a subgenus of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the genus Conus, family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Bouchet, P. (2011). Phasmoconus Mörch, 1852. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=428966 on 5 June 2012Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 296 pp.

In the latest classification of the family Conidae by Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015), Phasmoconus has become a subgenus of Conus as Conus (Phasmoconus) Mörch, 1852 (type species: Conus radiatus Gmelin, 1791 ) represented as Conus Linnaeus, 1758 Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1-23

Distinguishing characteristics The Tucker & Tenorio 2009 taxonomy distinguishes Phasmoconus from Conus in the following ways:Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009), Systematic Classification of Recent and Fossil Conoidean Gastropods, ConchBooks, Hankenheim, Germany, 295 pp.

Genus Conus sensu stricto Linnaeus, 1758 Shell characters (living and fossil species) The basic shell shape is conical to elongated conical, has a deep anal notch on the shoulder, a smooth periostracum and a small operculum. The shoulder of the shell is usually nodulose and the protoconch is usually multispiral. Markings often include the presence of tents except for black or white color variants, with the absence of spiral lines of minute tents and textile bars. Radular tooth (not known for fossil species) The radula has an elongated anterior section with serrations and a large exposed terminating cusp, a non-obvious waist, blade is either small or absent and has a short barb, and lacks a basal spur. Geographical distribution These species are found in the Indo-Pacific region. Feeding habits These species eat other gastropods including cones.

Subgenus Phasmoconus Mörch, 1852 Shell characters (living and fossil species) The shell is elongated and subcylindrical in shape with angulate shoulders. The protoconch is usually multispiral, but rarely paucispiral. The anal notch is shallow, and an anterior notch is either slight or absent. The periostracum is smooth, and the operculum is small. Radular tooth (not known for fossil species) The anterior section of the radular tooth is approximately the same length as the posterior section but in some species one section may be longer than the other. The blade extends less than one-half the length of the anterior section of the radular tooth. A basal spur is absent, and the barb is short. The waist is obvious, and there is an elongated terminating cusp. There is a short row of serrations between the barb and accessory process. Geographical distribution The species in this genus occur in the Indo-Pacific and Australian regions. Feeding habits These species are piscivorous, meaning that these cone snails prey on fish.

Species list This list of species is based on the information in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) list. Species within the genus Phasmoconus include:

Phasmoconus alabaster (Reeve, 1849): synonym of Conus alabaster Reeve, 1849 Phasmoconus alexandrei Limpalaër & Monnier, 2012: synonym of Conus alexandrei (Limpalaër & Monnier, 2012) Phasmoconus andamanensis (E.A. Smith, 1878): synonym of Conus andamanensis E. A. Smith, 1879 Phasmoconus angioiorum (Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1992): synonym of Conus angioiorum Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1992 Phasmoconus asiaticus (da Motta, 1985): synonym of Conus asiaticus da Motta, 1985 Phasmoconus balabacensis (Filmer, 2012) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) balabacensis Filmer, 2012 represented as Conus balabacensis Filmer, 2012 Phasmoconus cebuensis (Wils, 1990) : synonym of Conus cebuensis Wils, 1990 Phasmoconus ciderryi (da Motta, 1985) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) ciderryi da Motta, 1985 represented as Conus ciderryi da Motta, 1985 Phasmoconus cinereus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792): synonym of Conus cinereus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 Phasmoconus collisus (Reeve, 1849): synonym of Conus collisus Reeve, 1849 Phasmoconus dampierensis (Coomans & Filmer, 1985): synonym of Conus dampierensis Coomans & Filmer, 1985 Phasmoconus erythraeensis (Reeve, 1843) : synonym of Conus erythraeensis Reeve, 1843 Phasmoconus gilvus (Reeve, 1849) : synonym of Conus gilvus Reeve, 1849 Phasmoconus giorossii (Bozzetti, 2005) : synonym of Conus giorossii Bozzetti, 2005 Phasmoconus goudeyi Monnier & Limpalaër, 2012: synonym of Conus goudeyi (Monnier & Limpalaër, 2012) Phasmoconus grangeri (G.B. Sowerby III, 1900): synonym of Conus grangeri G. B. Sowerby III, 1900 Phasmoconus habui (Lan, 2002): synonym of Conus habui Lan, 2002 Phasmoconus jickelii (Weinkauff, 1873): synonym of Conus jickelii Weinkauff, 1873 Phasmoconus kanakinus (Richard, 1983): synonym of Conus kanakinus Richard, 1983 Phasmoconus kiicumulus (Azuma, 1982) : synonym of Conus kiicumulus (Azuma, 1982) Phasmoconus laterculatus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1870) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) laterculatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1870 represented as Conus laterculatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1870 Phasmoconus leobrerai (da Motta & Martin, 1982): synonym of Conus leobrerai da Motta & Martin, 1982 Phasmoconus lizardensis (Crosse, 1865): synonym of Conus lizardensis Crosse, 1865 Phasmoconus marielae (Rehder & Wilson, 1975) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) marielae Rehder & Wilson, 1975 represented as Conus marielae Rehder & Wilson, 1975 Phasmoconus martinianus (Reeve, 1844) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) martinianus Reeve, 1844 represented as Conus martinianus Reeve, 1844 Phasmoconus merleti (Mayissian, 1974): synonym of Conus merleti Mayissian, 1974 Phasmoconus moluccensis (Küster, 1838) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) moluccensis Küster, 1838 represented as Conus moluccensis Küster, 1838 Phasmoconus mucronatus (Reeve, 1843): synonym of Conus mucronatus Reeve, 1843 Phasmoconus niederhoeferi Monnier, Limpalaër & Lorenz, 2012: synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) niederhoeferi (Monnier, Limpalaër & Lorenz, 2012) represented as Conus niederhoeferi (Monnier, Limpalaër & Lorenz, 2012) Phasmoconus parius (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Conus parius Reeve, 1844 Phasmoconus proximus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1860) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) proximus G. B. Sowerby II, 1860 represented as Conus proximus G. B. Sowerby II, 1860 Phasmoconus radiatus (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Conus radiatus Gmelin, 1791 Phasmoconus rolani (Röckel, 1986): synonym of Conus rolani Röckel, 1986 Phasmoconus salzmanni G. Raubaudi-Massilia & Rolan, 1997: synonym of Conus salzmanni G. Raybaudi-Massilia & Rolán, 1997 Phasmoconus santinii Monnier & Limpalaër, 2014 : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) santinii (Monnier & Limpalaër, 2014) represented as Conus santinii (Monnier & Limpalaër, 2014) Phasmoconus sartii (Korn, Niederhöfer & Blöcher, 2002) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) sartii Korn, Niederhöfer & Blöcher, 2002 represented as Conus sartii Korn, Niederhöfer & Blöcher, 2002 Phasmoconus scalptus (Reeve, 1843): synonym of Conus scalptus Reeve, 1843 Phasmoconus sculpturatus (Röckel & da Motta, 1986): synonym of Conus sculpturatus Röckel & da Motta, 1986 Phasmoconus sertacinctus (Röckel, 1986): synonym of Conus sertacinctus Röckel, 1986 Phasmoconus sogodensis Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro, 2012: synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) sogodensis (Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro, 2012) represented as Conus sogodensis (Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro, 2012) Phasmoconus solomonensis (Delsaerdt, 1992): synonym of Conus solomonensis Delsaerdt, 1992 Phasmoconus stramineus (Lamarck, 1810): synonym of Conus stramineus Lamarck, 1810 Phasmoconus subulatus (Kiener, 1845): synonym of Conus subulatus Kiener, 1845 (nomen dubium) Phasmoconus sutanorcum (Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet, 2008): synonym of Conus sutanorcum Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet, 2008 Phasmoconus vappereaui (Monteiro, 2009): synonym of Conus vappereaui Monteiro, 2009 Phasmoconus (Phasmoconus) vegaluzi Monnier, Prugnaud & Limpalaër, 2020: synonym of Phasmoconus vegaluzi Monnier, Prugnaud & Limpalaër, 2020: synonym of Conus vegaluzi (Monnier, Prugnaud, Limpalaër, 2020) Phasmoconus yemenensis (Bondarev, 1997): synonym of Conus yemenensis Bondarev, 1997 Phasmoconus zandbergeni (Filmer & Moolenbeek, 2010) : synonym of Conus (Phasmoconus) zandbergeni Filmer & Moolenbeek, 2010 represented as Conus zandbergeni Filmer & Moolenbeek, 2010 Phasmoconus zapatosensis (Röckel, 1987): synonym of Conus zapatosensis Röckel, 1987 Phasmoconus zebra (Lamarck, 1810): synonym of Conus zebra Lamarck, 1810

References

Further reading Kohn A. A. (1992). Chronological Taxonomy of Conus, 1758-1840". Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London. Monteiro A. (ed.) (2007). The Cone Collector 1: 1-28. Berschauer D. (2010). Technology and the Fall of the Mono-Generic Family The Cone Collector 15: pp. 51-54 Puillandre N., Meyer C.P., Bouchet P., and Olivera B.M. (2011), Genetic divergence and geographical variation in the deep-water Conus orbignyi complex (Mollusca: Conoidea), Zoologica Scripta 40(4) 350–363.

External links To World Register of Marine Species Gastropods.com: Conidae setting forth the genera recognized therein.