Stone Johnson (September 9, 1918 – January 19, 2012) was an African-American activist in the Civil Rights Movement. A railway worker and union representative by trade, he got involved in the civil rights movement in Birmingham, Alabama in the mid 1950s, working with Fred Shuttlesworth. He started a civil rights organization called the Civil Rights Guards that protected homes and business involved in the movement, usually while armed.Frye Gaillard, Cradle of Freedom: Alabama and the Movement That Changed America (University of Alabama Press, 2004) pg 82-83
Johnson was born in Lowndes County, Alabama to Fannie and Colonel Johnson. His family moved to Birmingham when he was 4. Graduating from Lincoln High School in 1939, he was hired at Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, where he worked for nearly 40 years. He claimed to be the first black union representative for the company in Birmingham.
Johnson may be best known for having helped to carry a Ku Klux Klan bomb away from Bethel Baptist Church in Birmingham, AL.Gray, Jeremy. Published on January 19, 2012 He also provided armed protection to nonviolent activists in Anniston, Alabama during the 1961 Freedom Rides, rescuing them from a segregationist mob."Excerpt: 'Freedom Riders' by RAYMOND ARSENAULT" National Public Radio He also served for a time as vice-president of the Birmingham chapter of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.James W. Douglass, The Nonviolent Coming of God (Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2006), p. 27
An oft-repeated remark of Johnson, when asked how he'd managed to protect civil rights leaders given his commitment to nonviolence, Johnson replied, "With my nonviolent .38 special."Timothy B. Tyson, Blood Done Sign My Name (Crown Publishing Group, 2007) p. 70Craig Werner, Higher Ground: Stevie Wonder, Aretha Franklin, Curtis Mayfield, and the Rise and Fall of American Soul (Crown Publishing Group, Dec 18, 2007)Amelia Thomson-Deveaux "Armed Resistance in the Civil Rights Movement: Charles E. Cobb and Danielle L. McGuire on Forgotten History" The American Prospect, JUNE 11, 2014
In 2011, the city of Birmingham dedicated a street in his honor.Jeremy Gray "Birmingham civil rights activist Colonel Stone Johnson has died" Alabama.com, January 19, 2012
He was married to his wife Beatrice for nearly seventy years. She died in May 2011 at the age of 89. Johnson died from illness on Jan 19, 2012 at the age of 93.
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