During the Parade of Nations portion of the 1988 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.
Parade order As the nation of the first modern Olympic Games, Greece entered the stadium first; whereas, the host nation South Korea marched last. Other countries entered in alphabetical order in the language of the host country (Korean), according with tradition and IOC guidelines. The collation method used is based on the names as written in Hangul, a traditional Korean alphabet.
Whilst most countries entered under their short names, a few entered under more formal or alternative names, mostly due to political and naming disputes. The Republic of China (commonly known as Taiwan) entered with the compromised name and flag of "Chinese Taipei" ("차이니스 타이페이") under 타 ta, while the conflicting People's Republic of China (commonly known as China) entered as "중화인민공화국" under 중.
Among the nations with Korean names starting with 이 i, several reorderings occurred due the geopolitics. Hangul alphabetic order would have dictated . As its protocol name at the IOC is Islamic Republic of Iran, the iranian delegation was moved three spaces later in the parade while Israel was moved five spaces later and was (an additional two spaces past Iran), changing the parade order into .
160 National Olympic Committees (NOC)s entered with their delegations on the Olympic Stadium.Seoul surprises Nagoya for Olympic bid, UPI (United Press International), Morley Myers, Sept. 30, 1981. Eight NOCs made their Olympic debut: Aruba, American Samoa, Brunei, Cook Islands, Maldives, Vanuatu, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and South Yemen. South Africa was excluded since 1964 due to its apartheid policies. Seven nations were part of the 1988 Summer Olympics boycott and did not participate in the Games.
Notable flag bearers in the opening ceremony featured the following athletes: seven-time Olympian and Star sailor Hubert Raudaschl (Austria); defending Olympic champions Evelyn Ashford (United States) in the women's 100-metre dash; Jouko Salomaki (Finland) and Vasile Andrei (Romania) in Greco-Roman wrestling; Ernesto Canto (Mexico) in race walking; Agneta Andersson (Sweden) in the women's kayak sprinting; Matija Ljubek in the men's canoe sprinting; and six-time Olympian Reiner Klimke (Federal Republic of Germany), who led the West German team to a gold-medal victory in the equestrian dressage; synchronized swimmers Mikako Kotani (Japan) and Carolyn Waldo (Canada), who eventually topped the podium in both the solo and duet routines; eight-time Olympian and Star sailor Durward Knowles (the Bahamas); eventual gold medalists Ulf Timmermann (German Democratic Republic) in the men's shot put and Aleksandr Karelin (Soviet Union) in the super heavyweight Greco-Roman wrestling; five-time track sprinter and Moscow 1980 champion Pietro Mennea (Italy); long-distance runner Grete Andersen-Waitz (Norway), who bagged a silver medal in the inaugural women's marathon four years earlier; and world-number-three tennis player Gabriela Sabatini (Argentina) in the women's singles.
List The following is a list of each participating National Olympic Committee enter. The names are given in their official designations by the IOC protocol guides.
Some differences occurred between the official placard displays and the official announcements: A number of designations were abbreviated on the placards, but announced in full. The United States delegation was announced as "the United States of America" and appeared on the placard as "U.S.A.". The Soviet Union delegation was abbreviated in both the announcements and the placard. South Yemen's delegation was announced as "Yemen Democratic Republic", but appeared on the placard as "Dem. Rep. of Yemen". Egypt's delegation was announced as the "Arab Republic of Egypt", but appeared on the placard as "Egypt". The Central African Republic delegation was announced as "Central African Republic", but appeared on the placard as "Central Africa". Côte d'Ivoire's delegation was announced as "Ivory Coast", but appeared on the placard as "Côte d'Ivoire". Congo's delegation was announced as "People's Republic of Congo", but appeared on the placard as "Congo". Fiji's delegation was announced as "Fiji Islands", but appeared on the placard as "Fiji".
Order Nation Hangul Roman transliteration Flag bearer Sport 1 그리스 Geuriseu Babis Kholidis Wrestling 2 가나 Gana John Myles-Mills Athletics 3 가봉 Gabong Gisèle Ongollo Athletics 4 가이아나 Gaiana Alfred Thomas Boxing 5 감비아 Gambia Dawda Jallow Athletics 6 과테말라 Gwatemalla Carlos Silva Shooting 7 괌 Gwam Ricardo Blas Judo 8 그레나다 Geurenada Agnes Griffith Athletics 9 기니 Gini Ousmane Diallo Wrestling 10 적도 기니 Jeokdo Gini Manuel Rondo Athletics 11 나이지리아 Naijiria Yusuf Alli Athletics 12 네덜란드 Nedeollandeu Eric Swinkels Shooting 13 네팔 Nepal Krishna Bahadur Basnet Athletics 14 노르웨이 Noreuwei Grete Andersen-Waitz Athletics 15 파푸아뉴기니 Papua-Nyugini Pinye Malaibi Weightlifting 16 뉴질랜드 Nyujillandeu Ian Ferguson Canoeing 17 니제르 Nijereu Hassan Karimou Athletics 18 덴마크 Denmakeu Anne Grethe Jensen Equestrian 19 도미니카 공화국 Dominika Gonghwaguk Juan Núñez Athletics 20 독일 민주 공화국 Dogil Minju Gonghwaguk Ulf Timmermann Athletics 21 독일 연방 공화국 Dogil Yeonbang Gonghwaguk Reiner Klimke Equestrian 22 라오스 Raoseu Sitthixay Sacpraseuth Athletics 23 라이베리아 Raiberia Samuel Birch Athletics 24 레바논 Rebanon Toni Khouri Official 25 레소토 Resoto Noheku Nteso Athletics 26 루마니아 Rumania Vasile Andrei Wrestling 27 룩셈부르크 Ruksembureukeu Roland Jacoby Shooting 28 르완다 Reuwanda Mathias Ntawulikura Athletics 29 리비아 Ribia Said Farouk Al-Turki Athletics 30 리히텐슈타인 Rihitensyutain Yvonne Elkuch Cycling 31 말라위 Mallawi George Mambosasa Athletics 32 말레이시아 Malleisia Nordin Mohamed Jadi Athletics 33 말리 Malli Mamadou Keita Judo 34 멕시코 Meksiko Ernesto Canto Athletics 35 모나코 Monako Stéphane Operto Cycling 36 모로코 Moroko Faouzi Lahbi Athletics 37 모리셔스 Morisyeoseu Navind Ramsaran Wrestling 38 모리타니 Moritani Oumar Samba Sy Wrestling 39 모잠비크 Mojambikeu Sergio Fafitine Swimming 40 몰디브 Moldibeu Hussein Haleem Athletics 41 몰타 Molta Joanna Agius Archery 42 몽고 Monggo Badmaanyambuugiin Bat-Erdene Judo 43 미국 Miguk Evelyn Ashford Athletics 44 바누아투 Banuatu Olivette Daruhi Athletics 45 바레인 Barein Ahmed Hamada Jassim Athletics 46 바베이도스 Babeidoseu Elvis Forde Athletics 47 바하마 Bahama Durward Knowles Sailing 48 방글라데시 Banggeulladesi Bazlur Mohamed Rahman Swimming 49 버마 Beoma Latt Zaw Boxing 50 버뮤다 Beomyuda Clarence Saunders Athletics 51 버진 제도 Beojin Jedo Robert Fellner Taekwondo 52 영국령 버진 제도 Yeonggungnyeong Beojin Jedo Willis Todman Athletics 53 베냉 Benaeng Félicite Bada Athletics 54 베네수엘라 Benesuella Elizabeth Popper Table tennis 55 베트남 Beteunam Nguyễn Đình Minh Athletics 56 벨기에 Belgie Dirk Crois Rowing 57 벨리즈 Bellijeu Fitzgerald Joseph Cycling 58 보츠와나 Bocheuwana Shakes Kubuitsile Boxing 59 볼리비아 Bollibia Katerine Moreno Swimming 60 부르키나파소 Bureukinapaso Sounaila Sagnon Boxing 61 부탄 Butan Pema Tshering Archery 62 불가리아 Bulgaria Vasil Etropolski Fencing 63 브라질 Beurajil Walter Carmona Judo 64 브루나이 Beurunai 65 미국령 사모아 Migungnyeong Samoa Maselino Masoe Boxing 66 서사모아 Seo-Samoa Henry Smith Athletics 67 사우디아라비아 Saudiarabia Salah Al-Mar Official 68 사이프러스 Saipeureoseu Mikhalakis Tymbios Shooting 69 산마리노 Sanmarino Dominique CantiSan Marino. Olympics at Sport-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Accessed 6 January 2024. Athletics 70 엘살바도르 Elsalbadoreu Gustavo Manzur Wrestling 71 세네갈 Senegal Amadou Dia Bâ Athletics 72 세인트빈센트 그레나딘 Seinteubinsenteu Geurenadin Orde Ballantyne Athletics 73 소련 Soryeon Alexander Karelin Wrestling 74 소말리아 Somallia Aboukar Hassan Adani Athletics 75 솔로몬 제도 Sollomon Jedo Gustave Mansad Chef de mission 76 수단 Sudan Omer Khalifa Athletics 77 수리남 Surinam Realdo Jessurun Cycling 78 스리랑카 Seurirangka Daya Rajasinghe Nadarajasingham Shooting 79 스와질란드 Seuwajillandeu Sizwe Sydney Mdluli Athletics 80 스웨덴 Seuweden Agneta Andersson Canoeing 81 스위스 Seuwiseu Cornelia Bürki Athletics 82 시리아 Siria Hafez El-Hussein Athletics 83 시에라리온 Sierarion Baba Ibrahim Suma-Keita Athletics 84 싱가포르 Singgaporeu Ang Peng Siong Swimming 85 아랍에미리트 Arap-Emiriteu Sultan Khalifa Cycling 86 아루바 Aruba Bito Maduro Judo 87 아르헨티나 Areuhentina Gabriela Sabatini Tennis 88 아이슬란드 Aiseullandeu Bjarni Friðriksson Judo 89 아이티 Aiti Deborah Saint Phard Athletics 90 아일랜드 Aillaendeu Wayne McCullough Boxing 91 아프가니스탄 Apeuganiseutan Mohammad Razigul Wrestling 92 안도라 Andora Josep Graells Athletics 93 안티과 Antigwa Jocelyn Joseph Athletics 94 네덜란드령 안틸레스 Nedeollandeuryeong Antilleseu Jan Boersma Sailing 95 알제리 Aljeri Noureddine Tadjine Athletics 96 앙골라 Anggolla João N'Tyamba Athletics 97 에스파냐 Eseupanya Infanta Cristina Sailing 98 에콰도르 Ekwadoreu Liliana Chalá Athletics 99 영국 Yeongguk Ian C.B. Taylor Field hockey 100 예멘 민주 공화국 Yemen Minju Gonghwaguk Sahim Saleh Mehdi Athletics 101 예멘 아랍 공화국 Yemen Arap Gonghwaguk Abdullah Al-Shamsi Wrestling 102 오만 Oman Abdul Latif Al-Bulushi Shooting 103 오스트레일리아 Oseuteureillia Ric Charlesworth Field hockey 104 오스트리아 Oseuteuria Hubert Raudaschl Sailing 105 온두라스 Onduraseu Santiago Fonseca Athletics 106 요르단 Yoreudan Muneir Al-Masri Wrestling 107 우간다 Uganda Patrick Lihanda Boxing 108 우루과이 Urugwai Jesús Posse Rowing 109 유고슬라비아 Yugoseullabia Matija Ljubek Canoeing 110 이라크 Irakeu Abdul Wahab Ali Table tennis 111 이집트 Ijipteu Mohamed Khorshed Shooting 112 이탈리아 Itallia Pietro Mennea Athletics 113 인도 Indo Kartar Dhillon Singh Wrestling 114 이란 Iran Mohamed Reza Tupchi Wrestling 115 인도네시아 Indonesia Tonny Maringgi Table tennis 116 일본 Ilbon Mikako Kotani Synchronized swimming 117 이스라엘 Iseura'el Itzhak Yonassi Shooting 118 자메이카 Jameika Merlene Ottey Athletics 119 자이르 Jaireu Dikanda Diba Athletics 120 잠비아 Jambia Samuel Matete Athletics 121 중앙아프리카 Jung'ang-Apeurika Fidèle Mohinga Boxing 122 중화 인민 공화국 Junghwa Inmin Gonghwaguk Song Tao Basketball 123 지부티 Jibuti Hussein Ahmed Salah Athletics 124 짐바브웨 Jimbabeuwe James Gombedza Athletics 125 차드 Chadeu Paul Ngadjadoum Athletics 126 체코슬로바키아 Chekoseullobakia Imrich Bugár Athletics 127 칠레 Chille Gert Weil Athletics 128 카메룬 Kamerun Frédéric Ebong-Salle Athletics 129 카타르 Katareu Mohamed Al-Kaabi Sailing 130 캐나다 Kaenada Carolyn Waldo Synchronized swimming 131 케냐 Kenya Patrick Waweru Boxing 132 케이맨 제도 Keiman Jedo Alfred Ebanks Cycling 133 코스타리카 Koseutarika Sigrid Niehaus Swimming 134 코트디부아르 Koteudibuareu Clement N'Goran Tennis 135 콜롬비아 Kollombia Jorge Molina Shooting 136 콩고 Konggo Jean-Didiace Bémou Athletics 137 쿠웨이트 Kuweiteu Jasem Al-Dowaila Athletics 138 쿡 제도 Kuk Jedo William Taramai Athletics 139 차이니스 타이페이 Chainiseu Taipei Lee Fu-an Athletics 140 타이 Tai Somchai Chanthavanich Shooting 141 탄자니아 Tanjania Ikaji Salum Athletics 142 터키 Teoki Necmi Gençalp Wrestling 143 토고 Togo Akossi Gnalo Athletics 144 통가 Tongga Siololovau Ikavuka Athletics 145 튀니지 Twiniji Sofiane Ben Letaief Table tennis 146 트리니다드 토바고 Teurinidadeu Tobago Ian Morris Athletics 147 파나마 Panama Manuel Gutiérrez Swimming 148 파라과이 Paragwai Ramón Jiménez Gaona Athletics 149 파키스탄 Pakiseutan Nasir Ali Field hockey 150 페루 Peru Rodrigo Ranguna Official 151 포르투갈 Poreutugal João Rebelo Shooting 152 폴란드 Pollandeu Bogdan Daras Wrestling 153 푸에르토리코 Puereutoriko Jesús Feliciano Baseball 154 프랑스 Peurangseu Philippe Riboud Fencing 155 피지 Piji Sharon Pickering Swimming 156 핀란드 Pillandeu Jouko Salomäki Wrestling 157 필리핀 Pillipin Joseph Eric Buhain Swimming 158 헝가리 Heonggari István Vaskuti Canoeing 159 홍콩 Hongkong Liu Fuk Man Table tennis 160 대한민국 Daehan Minguk Cho Yong-chul Judo
See also 1984 Summer Olympics national flag bearers 1992 Summer Olympics national flag bearers
References