Nabia (or Navia) was a goddess of the Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula, although she also had an extended cult during the Roman occupation of the peninsula.Estudios sobre la tabula siarensis, Anejos de Archivo Español de Arqueología IX, Madrid, 1988, p. 264.
Nabia was worshipped in many places on the Iberian Peninsula, sometimes in very different ways, leading some historians to suggest that "Nabia" was just a common word used by different peoples to refer to their deities (a theory questioned by others).MELENA, José L. Un ara votiva romana en el Gaitán, Cáceres, 1984. Due to the uncertainty of her nature, she is sometimes interpreted as a water deity, other times she is associated with valleys, forests and hills,Los Dioses de la Hispania Céltica, Madrid, 2002. and she's further seen as the goddess of fertility, health, and abundance.
Her name, including variations, is attested in 28 inscriptions as of 2025.
References
Further reading
. "El nombre de la diosa lusitana Nabia y el problema del betacismo en las lenguas del occidente peninsular". In: Ilu 2 (1997): 141-149. Olivares Pedreño, Juan Carlos. "El culto a Nabia en Hispania y las diosas polifuncionales indoeuropeas". In: Lucentum, ISSN-e 1989-9904, Nº 17-18, 1998-1999, págs. 229-242. .