The following is an incomplete list of Ottoman calligraphers:
15th–16th century
Ahmed Karahisari Sheikh Hamdullah Kahdi Mahmud Efendi (d. 1575)Uğur Derman, M., Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 60 Ahmed Pasa (d. 1611) son of Kahdi Mahmud EfendiUğur Derman, M., Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 60 Mustafa Ali (d. 1600)Behrens-Abouseif, D. and Vernoit, S. (es), Islamic Art in the 19th Century: Tradition, Innovation, And Eclecticism, BRILL, 2006, p.90 Yûsuf Efendi (d. 1611)Islam Encyclopedia, Online:; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 1079 Abdullah Amâsi- 16th-century calligrapherMansour, N., Sacred Script: Muhaqqaq in Islamic Calligraphy, I.B. Tauris, 2011, p. 164;Islam Encyclopedia, 16th-century Online: Ahmed Şemseddin Karahisarî (d. 963/1556)Mansour, N., Sacred Script: Muhaqqaq in Islamic Calligraphy, I.B. Tauris, 2011, p. 200;Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Gâbârî Adurrahman (d. 974/1566)Islam Encyclopedia Rizâî Mahmud Baba Efendi (d. 987/1579)Islam Encyclopedia Mustafa Dede – son of Sheikh Hamdullah (d. 945/1538)Akin-Kivanç, E., Mustafa Âli's Epic Deeds of Artists: A Critical Edition of the Earliest Ottoman Text about the Calligraphers and Painters of the Islamic World, Brill, 2011, p. 95; Islam Encyclopedia,Online: Tâcîzâde Ca'fer Çelebi (1452–1515) poet, calligrapher and scholarBrill Online Reference Works, Online:
17th–18th century
Hâfiz Osman Seyyid Kasim Gubari Ibrahim Vahdi (d. 1714)Rado, S., Türk Hattatlari: XV [Turkish Calligraphers], Istanbul: Yayin Matbaacilik Ticaret, 1983 Ibrahim Afif (d. 1767)Rado, S., Türk Hattatlari: XV, (yüzyildan günümüze kadar gelmis ünlü hattatlarin hayatlari ve yazilarindan örnekler), Istanbul, Yayin Matbaacilik Ticaret, 1983 Egrikapili Mehmed Rasim Efendi İsmail Zühdi Efendi Mehmed Esad Yesari Mehmed Rasim (1687–1755)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 1, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 474 Mustafa Kutahi (d. after 1785)Habibeh Rahim, Inscription as Art in the World of Islam: Unity in Diversity: at the Emily Lowe Gallery,Hofstra University, 1996, p. 21 Musa al-'Abidi Yesarizade Mustafa Izzet Efendi Derviş Ali Veliyyüddin EfendiSaleh, W.A., The Formation of the Classical Tafsīr Tradition: The Qurʼān Commentary of Al-Thaʻlabī (d. 427/1035), Brill, 2004, p. 251; Thomas, D. and Chesworth, J.A., Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History, Volume 7, Brill, 2004, p. 630 Mehmed Refi Efendi (d. 1769)Ayvansaray-i, H.H., The Garden of the Mosques: Hafiz Hüseyin Al-Ayvansarayî's Guide to the Muslim Monuments of Ottoman Istanbul, Brill, 2000, p. 25; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 844 Abdul Rahman Hilmi (d. 1805) Yedikuleli Seyyid 'Abdullah Efendi (d. 1731) Suyolcuzade Mustafa Eyyubi (1619–1686) Mahmud Celaleddin Efendi (c. 1750–1829) Esmâ Ibret Hanim (b. 1780) wife of Mahmud Celâleddin Efendi Halid Erzurumi (d. 1651)Bayani, M., The Decorated Word: Qurʼans of the 17th to 19th Centuries, Volume 4, Part 1, Nour Foundation, 1999, p. 77 Dede Mehmed Efendi (d. 1734)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Şâbanzâde Mehmed Efendi(d. 1120/1708)Islam Encyclopedia,Online: Dede Mehmed Efendi (d. 1147/1734)Islam Encyclopedia,Online: Adülbâkî -i Tebrîzî (d. 1039/1629-30)Islam Encyclopedia,Online: Kâtibzâde Mehmed Refî (d. 1183/1769)Islam Encyclopedia,Online: Hasan Üsküdârî (d. 1023/1614)Uğur Derman, M., Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 62 and p, 64; "Hasan Üsküdârî" [Biography], Islam Encyclopedia, Online:; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 1079 Hüseyin Hablî (d. 1157/1744)Uğur Derman, M., Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 187; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 488; "Hüseyin Hablî" [Biography] in: Islam Encyclopedia, Online: İbrâhim Rodosî (d. 1201/1787)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Eski İsmâil Zühdü (d. 1144/1731)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Eğrikapılı Mehmed Râsim (d. 1169/1756)Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 316;Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Ramazan b. İsmâil رمضان بن إسماعيل (d. 1091/1680)Roper, G. (ed.), The History of the Book in the Middle East, Routledge, 2017, [E-book edition], n.p.; Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Tophâneli Mahmued Nûri,(d. 1080/1669)Islam Encyclopedia, Online:
19th–20th century
Ali Alparslan (1925–2006)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 361 Şefik Bey (Mehmed Şefik, 1819–1880)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 1, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 474; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 940 Abdullah Zuhudi Effendi (1835–1879)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 39; Uğur Derman, Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, N.Y., Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 118 Muhsinzade Abdullah Bey (1832–1899)M. Uğur Derman, Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, N.Y., Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 118; Traditional Turkish Arts: Calligraphy, Volume 5, Turkish Republic, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, General Directorate of Fine Arts, n.d. p. 21 Hasan Çelebi (b. 1937)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 361 Hasan Riza Effendi (1849–1920)M. Uğur Derman, Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, N.Y., Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 118 Kazasker Mustafa Izzet Efendi Mehmed Şevkî Efendi (1829–1887)M. Uğur Derman, Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, N.Y., Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 19 Mehmet Şefik (1818–1890)Bloom, J. and Blair, S.S. (eds), Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture, Volume 1, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 475 Mehmed Sami Efendi (1838–1912) Hattat Aziz Efendi Mustafa Râkim Kayışzâde Hâfız Osman EfendiTurkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 769 Selçuk Mülayim and İlhan Akşit, Turkish Art and Architecture in Anatolia & Mimar Sinan, Akşit, 2005, p.262 Necmeddîn Okyay (Necmeddîn Üsküdari Efendi, 1883–1976)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 65; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 757 :tr:Necmeddin Okyay Bakkal Arif EfendiMurat Ocak, The Turks: Ottomans vol. 2, Yeni Türkiye, 2002 [E-book edition], n.p Kâmil AkdikTraditional Turkish Arts: Calligraphy, Volume 5, Turkish Republic, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, General Directorate of Fine Arts, n.d. p. 51 Neyzen Emîn EfendiTurkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 151 Halîm Özyazıcı (1898–1964)Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 785 Bekir Pektin (b. 1913)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 361 Hamid Aytaç Ismail Hakkı Altunbezer (1873–1946)Shaw, W. K. M., Ottoman Painting: Reflections of Western Art from the Ottoman Empire to the Ottoman Empire to the Turkish Republic, I.B. Taurus, 2011, p. 57, p. 111, p. 169; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 785 Mustafa Râkim (Mustafa Raq'im, 1757–1826)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 1, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. xvi Çömez Mustafa Vasif (d. 1853)Bloom, G and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 39; Uğur Derman, Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, N.Y., Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 114 Hafız Hasan Tahsin Hilmi Efendi (1847–1912)Selçuk Mülayim and İlhan Akşit, Turkish Art and Architecture in Anatolia & Mimar Sinan, Akşit, 2005, p. 262; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 463TDV Islamic Encyclopedia, Istanbul in 2010, volume 39, page 431. Mustafa Halim Özyazici (alternate spelling: Oyazici) (1898–1964)Bloom, G. and Blair, S.S., "Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture", Vol. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 89 Mustafa Uğur Derman (b. 1935)Oxford Index, Online: Hafız Mehmed Fehmi Efendi (1860–1915) Abdülkadir Şürki Efendi 19th-century calligrapher Şeref Adkik (1899–1972)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Şeyh Ali Bedevî (1868–1943)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Şeref Akdik (1899–1972)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Hasan Rizâ Efendi (d. 1890)Islam Encyclopedia, Online:; M. Uğur Derman, Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, N.Y., Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 118 Esad Muhis Paşa (1780–1850)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Mehmed Hâşim Efendi (d. 1845)Schmidt, J., Catalogue of Turkish Manuscripts in the Library of Leiden University and Other Collections in the Netherlands, BRILL, 2012, p. 406; Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 464; Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Mehmed Nazif Bey (1846–1913)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Kebecizâde Mehmed Vasfi, (d. 1831)Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Çemşîr Hâfız Sâlîh Efendi, (d. 1236/1820–21)Bayani, M., The Decorated Word: Qurʼans of the 17th to 19th Centuries, Volume 4, Part 1, Nour Foundation, 1999, p. 122 and 269; Islam Encyclopedia, Online: Laz Ömer Efendi (d. 1240/1825)Behrens-Abouseif, F. and Vernoit, S., Islamic Art in the 19th Century: Tradition, Innovation, And Eclecticism, BRILL, 2006, p. 99; Uğur Derman, M., Letters in Gold: Ottoman Calligraphy from the Sakıp Sabancı Collection, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998, p. 23; Islam Encyclopedia, Mehmed Şevket Vahdetî (1833–1871)Turkish Biographical Index, Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 1035;Islam Encyclopedia, Online:
See also List of Persian calligraphers List of Georgian calligraphers
References