Six ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Sampson or HMS Samson, after the biblical hero Samson.
was a 20-gun ship captured in 1643 and exchanged for the 26-gun in 1646. was a 32-gun ship captured in 1652 and lost in action in 1653. was a 32-gun ship captured in 1652 and sold in 1658. was a 12-gun fireship purchased in 1678 and expended in 1689. was a 64-gun third rate launched in 1781, hulked in 1802 and broken up in 1832. was a wooden paddle frigate launched in 1844 and sold in 1864.