Spintherobolus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Spintherobolidae, the piquiras. These fishes are endemic to river basins in southern and southeastern Brazil from Santa Catarina to Rio de Janeiro. All four species in the genus are considered threatened by Brazil's Ministry of the Environment.ICMBio (Ministry of the Environment, Brazil): Portaria MMA nº 445, de 17 de dezembro de 2014. Lista de Especies Ameaçadas - Saiba Mais. Retrieved 1 December 2018. They are small fish, up to in standard length.
Species Spintherobolus contains the following species: Spintherobolus ankoseion S. H. Weitzman & L. R. Malabarba, 1999 Spintherobolus broccae G. S. Myers, 1925 Spintherobolus leptoura S. H. Weitzman & L. R. Malabarba, 1999 Spintherobolus papilliferus C. H. Eigenmann, 1911
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