Boughton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alice Boughton (1866–1943), American photographer Caroline G. Boughton (1854–1905), American educator and social activist Chauncey Boughton (1805–1895), American physician and politician Clive Boughton (born 1956), Australian computer scientist George H. Boughton (1792–1866), American politician George Henry Boughton (1833–1905), Anglo-American painter Joy Boughton (1913–1963), English oboist and music professor Martha Arnold Boughton (1857–1928), American educator, author
Napoleon Boughton, Commander of the USS Gladiolus during the American Civil War Rutland Boughton (1878–1960), English composer William Boughton (born 1948), English conductor
See also Boughton Baronets, titled English family line John Bowton (also John Bouton, John Boughton) (1636–1707), founding settler of Norwalk, Connecticut